Nucleotides
It is an organic molecule made up of three basic components- a nitrogenous base, phosphate,and pentose sugar. The nucleotides are important for metabolic reactions andthe formation of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid).
Nucleic Acids
Nucleic acids are essential biomolecules present in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and viruses. They carry the genetic information for the synthesis of proteins and cellular replication. The nucleic acids are of two types: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). The structure of all proteins and ultimately every biomolecule and cellular component is a product of information encoded in the sequence of nucleic acids. Parts of a DNA molecule containing the information needed to synthesize a protein or an RNA are genes. Nucleic acids can store and transmit genetic information from one generation to the next, fundamental to any life form.
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b. Draw a box around the disulfide bridge in oxytocin, if present, or write "none".
7. Mark each peptide bond in oxytocin by making the corresponding line in the structure thicker or
marking it with a different color. The first one is shown for you as an example (in dark orange).
8.
Number the central carbon of each amino acid in oxytocin by pointing a small arrow to it or by
circling the corresponding vertex in the image. Numbers 1 and 2 indicate the central carbons of the
first and second amino acids of oxytocin, and are shown for you as an example.
9. Fill out the following table, listing amino acids that make up oxytocin in order, from the N terminus
to the C terminus, characterizing each amino acid by the properties of its R group (side chains), and
briefly indicating the reasoning for the characterization. You may consult amino acid groupings by
category in the slides (or the textbook, p.49), but you must explain the reasoning for each in your own
words.
CO
1
AA# Abbre- Full name
viation
2
3
4
5
6
a.
7
What is a disulfide bridge?
8
9
Cys
That
Cysteine
Category (charged, Reasoning
polar, non-polar, or
special?)
Special
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Oxytocin
It is a hormone which is produced inside the hypothalamus gland and secreted by pituitary gland into the bloodstream of the body.
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