5. Calculate the theoretical freezing point depression for each of the solutions in °C. The k, for water is 1.86°C/m. 6. Calculate the theoretical freezing point of each solution, and compare it with the experimentally observed freezing point for your solutes.
5. Calculate the theoretical freezing point depression for each of the solutions in °C. The k, for water is 1.86°C/m. 6. Calculate the theoretical freezing point of each solution, and compare it with the experimentally observed freezing point for your solutes.
Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Question
I need help with 5 and 6.
The initial temperature for all 3 solutions was 0.9 degrees C.
![Calculations
1. Using the solute formulas provided, convert grams of solute to moles of solute. For the hydrated
salts be sure to include the waters of hydration in the molar mass.
2. It is reasonable to assume that the total mass of solvent includes the mass of both the water
and the ice. If you used exactly 50.0 g of each, then you would have used 100.0 g or 0.100 kg of
solvent. Use the actual masses of water and ice recorded in your lab notebook to calculate the
mass of solvent.
3. Calculate the molality of the solution using the moles of solute (from Step 1) and the mass of
solvent (from Step 2):
moles of solute
mass of solvent, kg
molality, m =
4. Determine the value for the van't Hoff factor (i) for each of your solutes. For molecular solutes
the value is i = 1. For ionic solutes, you can determine the value of i by examining the molecular
formula. The value will be a small whole number; partial ionization is not expected, and waters
of hydration are not included.
5. Calculate the theoretical freezing point depression for each of the solutions in °C. The k, for
water is 1.86°C/m.
6. Calculate the theoretical freezing point of each solution, and compare it with the
experimentally observed freezing point for your solutes.
7. Comment in your lab notebook about the relationship between the observed freezing points
and the number of particles in solution (i) for each solute.
14
Colligative Pr o perties of Solutions- Freezing Point Depression | Labor atory 2](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F688553c1-a29d-4d73-a765-adb59e2cd2b6%2F1a9e10d2-dcd3-4957-b7d3-300c0340c744%2F7othtng_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:Calculations
1. Using the solute formulas provided, convert grams of solute to moles of solute. For the hydrated
salts be sure to include the waters of hydration in the molar mass.
2. It is reasonable to assume that the total mass of solvent includes the mass of both the water
and the ice. If you used exactly 50.0 g of each, then you would have used 100.0 g or 0.100 kg of
solvent. Use the actual masses of water and ice recorded in your lab notebook to calculate the
mass of solvent.
3. Calculate the molality of the solution using the moles of solute (from Step 1) and the mass of
solvent (from Step 2):
moles of solute
mass of solvent, kg
molality, m =
4. Determine the value for the van't Hoff factor (i) for each of your solutes. For molecular solutes
the value is i = 1. For ionic solutes, you can determine the value of i by examining the molecular
formula. The value will be a small whole number; partial ionization is not expected, and waters
of hydration are not included.
5. Calculate the theoretical freezing point depression for each of the solutions in °C. The k, for
water is 1.86°C/m.
6. Calculate the theoretical freezing point of each solution, and compare it with the
experimentally observed freezing point for your solutes.
7. Comment in your lab notebook about the relationship between the observed freezing points
and the number of particles in solution (i) for each solute.
14
Colligative Pr o perties of Solutions- Freezing Point Depression | Labor atory 2
![Mass of
Mass of
Mass of
Observed
Molality
Theoretical
Solute
solute (g)
ice (g)
water (g)
f.p. (°C)
(m)
f.p. (°C)
2.91 4894 49.92-1°C
C 049 2
0.0c 0t3 13
NaCl
CaCl, · 2H,O 7.37 5643 51.70
0.0c
17.12 485 51.170.5% 043 1
C12H2,O11
17.12A8551.17
Fe(NO3)3 · 9H,OINA
NA
NA NA
NA
NA NA](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F688553c1-a29d-4d73-a765-adb59e2cd2b6%2F1a9e10d2-dcd3-4957-b7d3-300c0340c744%2F7nc8lkt_processed.jpeg&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:Mass of
Mass of
Mass of
Observed
Molality
Theoretical
Solute
solute (g)
ice (g)
water (g)
f.p. (°C)
(m)
f.p. (°C)
2.91 4894 49.92-1°C
C 049 2
0.0c 0t3 13
NaCl
CaCl, · 2H,O 7.37 5643 51.70
0.0c
17.12 485 51.170.5% 043 1
C12H2,O11
17.12A8551.17
Fe(NO3)3 · 9H,OINA
NA
NA NA
NA
NA NA
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