Answered: what is the maximum % recovery of TNT?

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Question

2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (see structure above), also known as TNT, is one of the most commonly
used explosives in industry, mining and military. It is typically recrystallized from 95%
ethanol. 0.70 g of TNT is soluble in 100 g of 95% ethanol at low temperature and 18.58 g of
TNT is soluble in 100 g of 95% ethanol at high temperature. If a student wants to purify
0.740 g of TNT using 5.0 mL of 95% ethanol, what is the maximum % recovery of TNT?

Expert Solution

Step 1

At low temperature-

100g ethanol : 0.70 g TNT

At low temperature:

100 g ethanol : 18.58 g TNT

Now,

Density of ethanol = 0.789 g/mL

So,

Mass of ethanol = 5 mL * 0.789 g/mL

= 3.945 g

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