5. Before the North American Free Trade Agre (NAFTA) gradually eliminated import tariffs on goods, the autarky price of tomatoes in Mexico was below the world price and in the United States was above the world price. Similarly, the autarky price of poultry in Mexico was above the world price and in the United States was below the world price. Draw diagrams with domestic supply and demand curves for each country and each of the two goods. (You will need to draw four diagrams, total.) As a result of NAFTA, the United States now imports tomatoes from Mexico and the United States now exports poultry to Mexico. How would you expect the following groups to be affected? a. Mexican and U.S. consumers of tomatoes. Illustrate the effect on consumer surplus in your diagram. b. Mexican and U.S. producers of tomatoes. Illustrate the effect on producer surplus in your diagram. c. Mexican and U.S. tomato workers. d. Mexican and U.S. consumers of poultry. Illustrate the effect on consumer surplus in your diagram. e. Mexican and U.S. producers of poultry. Illustrate the from

5. Before the North American Free Trade Agre (NAFTA) gradually eliminated import tariffs on goods, the autarky price of tomatoes in Mexico was below the world price and in the United States was above the world price. Similarly, the autarky price of poultry in Mexico was above the world price and in the United States was below the world price. Draw diagrams with domestic supply and demand curves for each country and each of the two goods. (You will need to draw four diagrams, total.) As a result of NAFTA, the United States now imports tomatoes from Mexico and the United States now exports poultry to Mexico. How would you expect the following groups to be affected? a. Mexican and U.S. consumers of tomatoes. Illustrate the effect on consumer surplus in your diagram. b. Mexican and U.S. producers of tomatoes. Illustrate the effect on producer surplus in your diagram. c. Mexican and U.S. tomato workers. d. Mexican and U.S. consumers of poultry. Illustrate the effect on consumer surplus in your diagram. e. Mexican and U.S. producers of poultry. Illustrate the from

Principles of Macroeconomics (MindTap Course List)

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305971509

Author:N. Gregory Mankiw

Publisher:N. Gregory Mankiw

Chapter9: Application: International Trade

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5PA

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Explain how a subsidy on agricultural goods like sugar adversely affects the income of foreign producers of imported sugar.
Figure: Tariffs Price $90 88 150 O $90; 1,150 O $60; 650 O $60, 1,150 O $40; 1,800 Domestic spply World supply tarif 1150 1550 1800 In the domestic market with international trade and no tariffs, the price is Domenic demand Quantity and the quantity purchased in the United States is units.
2. Graph the supply and demand of a good that is both produced domestically and imported. Assume that the country is not large enough to affect the world price. Illustrate the effects of a tariff on imports. Discuss the following: a. Income distribution effects b. Resource allocation effects c. Domestic production and consumption effects d. Government revenue effects e. Price of the good effects
3. Welfare effects of a tariff in a small country Suppose Ronduras is open to free trade in the world market for soybeans. Because of Honduras's small size, the demand for and supply of soybeans in Honduras do not affect the world price. The following graph shows the domestic soybeans market in Honduras. The world price of soybeans is Pw = $400 per ton. On the following graph, use the green triangle (triangle symbols) to shade the area representing consumer surplus (CS) when the economy is at the free-trade equilibrium. Then, use the purple triangle (diamond symbols) to shade the area representing producer surplus (PS). 1200 Domestic Demand Domestic Supply 1100 CS 1000 900 PS 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 120 140 160 180 200 20 40 60 80 QUANTITY (Tons of soybeans) PRICE (Dollars pe: ton)
2. The impact of a tariff Consider a hypothetical example of trade in aluminum between the United States and China. For simplicity, assume that China is the only source of U.S. aluminum imports. The following graph shows the U.S. market for aluminum. Note that in the absence of any trade, the market price for aluminum in the United States is $500 per tonne, and the equilibrium quantity is 250 million tonnes per month. Use the green area (triangle symbol) to show U.S. consumer surplus under free trade with China, and use the purple area (diamond symbol) to show U.S. producer surplus under free trade with China. 1000 Domestic Demand Domestic Supply 900 Consumer Surplus 800 700 Producer Surplus 600 500 400 Free Trade Price 300 200 100 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 50 100 150 QUANTITY OF ALUMINUM (Millions of tonnes per month) PRICE (Dollars per tonne)
5. You have been asked to quantify the effects of removing a country's tariff on sugar. The hard part of the work is already done: Somebody has estimated how many pounds of sugar would be produced, consumed, and imported by the country if there were no sugar duty. You are given the information shown in the table. Situation with Import Tariff Estimated Situation without Tariff World price Tariff $0.10 per pound $0.02 per pound $0.12 per pound $0.10 per pound Domestic price Domestic consumption (billions of pounds per year) Domestic production (billions of pounds per year) Imports (billions of pounds per year) $0.10 per pound 20 22 8 6 12 16 Calculate the following measures: a. The domestic consumers' gain from removing the tariff. b. The domestic producers' loss from removing the tariff. c. The government tariff revenue loss. d. The net effect on national well-being.
[India is the world’s largest consumer of sugar. Assume the world price for sugar is $750 per ton.] [Assume India currently has a tariff of $50 per ton on sugar and imports 7 million tons of sugar. Show this situation in a graph. Label the quantity demanded and the quantity supplied domestically and imports clearly on a graph. Explain your graph in 3-4 sentences. 2. [ Suppose India decides to remove the tariff, show the effect of this change on India’s imports on the graph. Clearly label the new domestic quantity demanded and the quantity supplied. You must use the same graph as you have drawn in answer to Part a to show this new scenario. How does this policy affect consumers, producers, and the government in India? You only have to state who benefits or harms from the policy. 3. [Label the areas in your graph and fill in the following table. With Tariff Free Trade (after the tariff is removed) Consumer Surplus Producer Surplus Government…
3. Gains from trade Suppose there exist two imaginary countries, Yosemite and Sequoia. Their labor forces are each capable of supplying four million hours per day that can be used to produce pistachios, chinos, or some combination of the two. The following table shows the amount of pistachios or chinos that can be produced by one hour of labor. Country Yosemite Sequoia Pistachios Chinos (Pounds per hour of labor) (Pairs per hour of labor) 6 12 16 4 Suppose that initially Yosemite uses 1 million hours of labor per day to produce pistachios and 3 million hours per day to produce chinos, while Sequoia uses 3 million hours of labor per day to produce pistachios and 1 million hours per day to produce chinos. As a result, Yosemite produces 6 million pounds of pistachios and 36 million pairs of chinos, and Sequoia produces 12 million pounds of pistachios and 16 million pairs of chinos. Assume there are no other countries willing to engage in trade, so, in the absence of trade between these…
4. Tariffs Suppose Kenya is open to free trade in the world market for wheat. Because of Kenya's small size, the demand for and supply of wheat in Kenya do not affect the world price. The following graph shows the domestic wheat market in Kenya. The world price of wheat is Pw =$250 per ton. On the following graph, use the green triangle (triangle symbols) to shade the area representing consumer surplus (CS) when the economy is at the free-trade equilibrium. Then, use the purple triangle (diamond symbols) to shade the area representing producer surplus (PS). 490 Domestic Demand Domestic Supply 460 CS 430 400 370 PS 340 310 280 250 220 190 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 QUANTITY (Thousands of tons of wheat) If Kenya allows international trade in the market for wheat, it will import tons of wheat. Now suppose the Kenyan government decides to impose a tariff of $60 on each imported ton of wheat. After the tariff, the price Kenyan consumers pay for a ton of wheat is $ and Kenya will import tons…
Recently, US imposed new tariffs on Canadian softwood lumber. Lumber is intensively used in the construction and renovation projects for single-family homes. US Mkt. for lumber. Pw is the price of lumber available to domestic construction firms before the imposition of tariffs. On the graph, show (1) the price of lumber with tariff (PT); (2) quantity of lumber produced by domestic producers (Qsd); (3) quantity of lumber bought by domestic construction firms (Qdd); (4) quantity of lumber imported (IM); (5) revenue from tariff (TR); (6) Tariff deadweight loss (DWL). (5) With up/down arrows, indicate the change in the price of lumber available to domestic construction firms___, quantity of lumber available to domestic construction firms__ , quantity of lumber produced in the US__. In the market for lumber: 1. (10%) Label clearly the supply and demand curves, S and D, and . 2. (60%) On the graph, construct and label clearly (1) the price after the introduction of the tariff (PT) (2)…
[India is the world’s largest consumer of sugar. Assume the world price for sugar is $750 per ton.] [Assume India currently has a tariff of $50 per ton on sugar and imports 7 million tons of sugar. Show this situation in a graph. Label the quantity demanded and the quantity supplied domestically and imports clearly on a graph. Explain your graph in 3-4 sentences. How to draw the graph?
The graph shows the domestic demand and domestic supply for soybeans. Assume this country is open to international trade, that soybeans are a perfectly competitive good, and that the world price of soybeans is $30.(look at image) Suppose a tariff of $10 is imposed. What price will result in this country? $_____ After the tariff is imposed, how many units of soybeans will be imported? ______ units