Answered: 4.22 [5] <§4.5> Consider the fragment…

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

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4.22 [5] <§4.5> Consider the fragment of LEGv8 assembly below:

STUR X16, [X6, #12]

LDUR X16, [X6, #8]

SUB X7, X5, X4

CBZ X7, Label

ADD X5, X1, X4

SUB X5, X15, X4

Suppose we modify the pipeline so that it has only one memory (that handles both instructions and data). In this case, there will be a structural hazard every time a program needs to fetch an instruction during the same cycle in which another instruction accesses data.

4.22.1 [5] <§4.5> Draw a pipeline diagram to show were the code above will stall.

4.22.2 [5] <§4.5> In general, is it possible to reduce the number of stalls/NOPs resulting from this structural hazard by reordering code?

4.22.3 [5] <§4.5> Must this structural hazard be handled in hardware? We have seen that data hazards can be eliminated by adding NOPs to the code. Can you do the same with this structural hazard? If so, explain how. If not, explain why not.

4.22.4 [5] <§4.5> Approximately how many stalls would you expect this structural hazard to generate in a typical program?

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