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- 25. Which of the following is an example of an anabolic reaction? A. the production of ATP from carbon dioxide and water. B. the production of ATP from AMP & Phosphates. C. the production of carbon dioxide and water from glucose & diatomic oxygen. D. the production of carbon dioxide and water from ADP & Phosphate.24. Which of the following is not part of ATP composition? A. Three phosphate groups B. Ribose C. Deoxyribose D. nitrogenous base 25. With regards to competitive inhibitors, all of the following are correct except A bind to the active site of an enzyme B competing with the substrate C. its structure is the same as the original substrate D. it binds to allosteric site and control enzyme activity1. With what molecule does the acetyl group entering the Kreb’s Cycle join? 2. What is the first intermediate compound in the Kreb’s Cycle?
- 4. If lots of acetyl-CoA is being formed in the mitochondrial matrix, a particular compound will be exported into the cytosol. a.What compound is this? b. What effect does this compound have on fatty acid synthesis? c. How does the compound produce this effect?1. The form of oxygen found toxic to microorganisms is rendered non-toxic by a. Superoxidase which converts superoxide to molecular O2 and H2O2 b.Catalase which converts hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to water and molecular O2 c.Both A and B d.Neither A nor B 2. Prions have the following characteristics EXCEPT a.Cannot be destroyed by enzymes known to digest DNA or RNA b. Do not have nucleic acid c. Do not have protein molecules d. Tiny infectious molecules sensitive to urea, phenol, and other protein denaturing agents PLEASE ANSWER BOTH QUESTIONS, ASAP Please no need for long explanation3. Ehylene glycol, the main ingredient in antifreeze, is an odorless, colorless, sweet tasting water-soluble chemical that, when ingested, is a toxic poison. The treatment for ethylene glycol poisoning involves emergency procedures that include intravenous doses of ethanol for several hours. To understand how this treatment works, you need to know that ethylene glycol is metabolized by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) into four products, and these products are actual toxic agents. If this reaction can be inhibited, then the kidneys will eliminate the ethylene glycol intact before the toxins are produced. Chemist know that ADH has 100x greater affinity for ethanol than for ethylene glycol. Given your new knowledge of enzyme activity and inhibitors, speculate about the mechanism by which ethanol prevents ethylene glycol poisoning. Hint: is a non-competitive inhibitor or competitive inhibitor involved here?
- 1. Which of the following organisms would you use to change alkaline conditions to acidic conditions? a. B. cereus-VP + b. S. aureus- Glucose metabolism test + c. E. coli- Decarboxylase + d. P. vulgaris- Simmon's citrate + e. E. aerogenes- Gelatinase + 2. Which of the following results is similar to your carbohydrate metabolism tests results when bacterial metabolic byproducts initiated a color change of red to yellow in the agar? a. B. cereus-MR + b. S. aureus-VP+ c. E. coli- Decarboxylase + d. P. vulgaris- Simmon's citrate + e. E. aerogenes- Gelatinase + 3. After an acid-fast stain, a gram positive organism would be a. blue b. green c. cranberry red d. yellow e. orange 4. Your patient is on a diet where he consumes a lot of protein. Due to this diet and the over consumption of proteins, he is dangerously close to his blood becoming acidic. So therefore, which of the following did you administer (hypothetically) to buffer the acids? a. B. cereus: VP b. S. aureus: Decarboxylase + c. L.…6. In the process of cellular respiration, what molecules are necessary to produce ATP (energy)? А. Охуgen B. Oxygen and Glucose C. Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide D. Glucose E. Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide and Glucose16. When a nucleophile attacks the ß phosphorous atom of ATP, what kind of transfer occurs? A. B. C. D. E. pyrophosphoryl transfer phosphoryl transfer adenosine transfer adenylyl transfer triphosphate transfer
- 4 8. Rotenone is a chemical that naturally occurs in plants. It is a broad-spectrum poison, meaning it is toxic to many types of organisms, including fish, insects, and other pests. Rotenone inhibits the transfer of electrons from one electron transport chain complex to another (complex I to ubiquinone). a. Would you expect rotenone poisoning to affect the following molecules (yes or no)? If so, would you expect them in increase or decrease? Molecule Acetyl-CoA ATP NADH Will levels change? (Yes or no) Yes No yes If yes, will the levels increase or decrease?7. As far as location, where do each of these metabolic reactions occur in a eukaryote? A prokaryote? Why the difference?9. Protons usually move across membranes (by active transport) in all of the following directions except: from the mitochondrial matrix, across the mitochondrial cristae, into the intermembrane space B. from the Halobacterium halobium cytosol, across the plasma membrane, into the extracellular fluid C. from the cytosol of plant cells, across the vacuolar membrane, into the central vacuole D. from the cytosol of skeletal muscle cells, across the plasma membrane, into the extracellular fluid from the lysosome of animal cells, across the lysosomal membrane, into the cytosol