# 4. The Fisher Effect and the Cost of Unexpected InflationSuppose the nominal interest rate on car loans is 9% per year, and both actual and expected inflation are equal to 5%.Complete the first row of the table by filling in the expected real interest rate and the actual real interest rate before any change in the money supply.| Time Period | Nominal Interest Rate (Percent) | Expected Inflation (Percent) | Actual Inflation (Percent) | Expected Real Interest Rate (Percent) | Actual Real Interest Rate (Percent) ||----------------------------------|--------------------------------|-----------------------------|----------------------------|--------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|| Before increase in MS | 9 | 5 | 5 | | || Immediately after increase in MS | 9 | 5 | 6 | | |Now suppose the Fed unexpectedly increases the growth rate of the money supply, causing the inflation rate to rise unexpectedly from 5% to 6% per year.Complete the second row of the table by filling in the expected and actual real interest rates on car loans immediately **after** the increase in the money supply (MS).The unanticipated change in inflation arbitrarily benefits **[dropdown]**.Now consider the **long-run** impact of the change in money growth and inflation. According to the Fisher effect, as expectations adjust to the new, higher inflation rate, the nominal interest rate will **[dropdown]** to **[blank]** % per year.

Given the nominal interest rate and the expected inflation, the expected real interest rate would be…

4. The Fisher effect and the cost of unexpected inflation Suppose the nominal interest rate on car loans is 9% per year, and both actual and expected inflation are equal to 5%. Complete the first row of the table by filling in the expected real interest rate and the actual real interest rate before any change in the money supply. Nominal Interest Expected Actual Expected Real Interest Actual Real Interest Rate Inflation Inflation Rate Rate Time Period (Percent) (Percent) (Percent) (Percent) (Percent) Before increase in MS Immediately after increase 6. in MS Now suppose the Fed unexpectedly increases the growth rate of the money supply, causing the inflation rate to rise unexpectedly from 5% to 6% per year. Complete the second row of the table by filling in the expected and actual real interest rates on car loans immediately after the increase in the money supply (MS). The unanticipated change in inflation arbitrarily benefits Now consider the long-run impact of the change in money growth and inflation. According to the Fisher effect, as expectations adjust to the new, higher inflation rate, the nominal interest rate will to % per year.

4. The Fisher effect and the cost of unexpected inflation Suppose the nominal interest rate on car loans is 9% per year, and both actual and expected inflation are equal to 5%. Complete the first row of the table by filling in the expected real interest rate and the actual real interest rate before any change in the money supply. Nominal Interest Expected Actual Expected Real Interest Actual Real Interest Rate Inflation Inflation Rate Rate Time Period (Percent) (Percent) (Percent) (Percent) (Percent) Before increase in MS Immediately after increase 6. in MS Now suppose the Fed unexpectedly increases the growth rate of the money supply, causing the inflation rate to rise unexpectedly from 5% to 6% per year. Complete the second row of the table by filling in the expected and actual real interest rates on car loans immediately after the increase in the money supply (MS). The unanticipated change in inflation arbitrarily benefits Now consider the long-run impact of the change in money growth and inflation. According to the Fisher effect, as expectations adjust to the new, higher inflation rate, the nominal interest rate will to % per year.

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

The following figure shows the marginal revenue (MR) and demand curves faced by a monopolist. Price/Cost (S) 6. 7. Demand 3. MR 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 Ss0 600 65o 700 750 s0o 8s0 900 Quantity Refer to the figure above. What is the profit-maximizing quantity that the me should produce if it faces a constant marginal cost of $5? olist 600 units 300 units 200 units 400 units 4.
12. Inflation-induced tax distortions Ashwin receives a portion of his income from his holdings of interest-bearing U.S. government bonds. The bonds offer a real interest rate of 4.5% per year. The nominal interest rate on the bonds adjusts automatically to account for the inflation rate. The government taxes nominal interest income at a rate of 10%. The following table shows two scenarios: a low-inflation scenario and a high- inflation scenario. Given the real interest rate of 4.5% per year, find the nominal interest rate on Ashwin's bonds, the after-tax nominal interest rate, and the after-tax real interest rate under each inflation scenario. Inflation Rate Real Interest Rate Nominal Interest Rate After-Tax Nominal Interest Rate (Percent) (Percent) (Percent) (Percent) 2.5 4.5 7.0 4.5 Compared with higher inflation rates, a lower inflation rate will nominal interest income. This tends to ▼saving, thereby the economy's long-run growth rate. After-Tax Real Interest Rate (Percent) the…
Question Suppose the Fed tries to prevent the increased government demand for loanable funds from raising interest rates by increasing the supply of loanable funds through and expansion of commercial bank loans. Will this Fed policy succeed in preventing interest rates from rising? At what point will the Fed's expansionary policy step up the inflation rate? How will the expectation of a higher rate of inflation cause interest rates to rise?
Typed answer.
Analyse the impact of these events on the price level and total output of an economy in the short term. If policymakers were to use monetary policy to actively stabilize the economy, in which direction should they move the money supply and interest rate and show the effects of these policies? Please discuss your answers with appropriate graphs. - (a) The government raises taxes and reduces expenditures to balance its budget. (b) Enterprises in the economy are pessimistic about the economy in the future. - (c) Foreigners increase their taste for domestically produced beef. (d) The money wage rate rises.
a. If the economy is currently at full employment, at what level should the central bank set the nominal interest rate? b. At what level should the central bank set the nominal interest rate if the economy is 20% below potential GDP? c. Explain the difference between the nominal interest rate and the real interest rate. Using these concepts of the nominal interest rate and the real interest rate explain how lenders can protect themselves from any negative effects of inflation if the inflation is fully anticipated.
43. Different countries experience different types of inflation. Which type of inflation is mostly associated with a growing economy due to increasing purchasing power and profit motive? a. Built in and cost push b. None of the choices is correct c. Demand pull and built in d. Cost push and demand pull
8. Monetary policy and the Phillips curve The following graph plots the short-run Phillips curve for a hypothetical economy. The given point on the graph indicates the initial rates of unemployment and inflation. Assume that the economy is currently in long-run equilibrium. Suppose the central bank of the hypothetical economy decides to decrease the money supply. On the following graph, shift the curve or drag the blue point along the curve, or do both, to show the short-run effects of this policy. Hint: You may assume that the central bank's move was unanticipated. INFLATION RATE (Percent) 5 2 INFLATION RATE (Percent) 1 0 6 5 0 1 0 3 In the short run, an unexpected decrease in the money supply results in unemployment rate. 0 9 6 12 UNEMPLOYMENT RATE (Percent) 3 SR Phillips Curve On the following graph, shift the curve or drag the blue point along the curve, or do both, to show the long-run effects of the decrease in the money supply. O 6 UNEMPLOYMENT RATE (Percent) 9 15 12 18 15 In…
P3
Suppose the inflation premium is 2 percent and the nominal interest rate is 1 percent. Instructions: in part a, enter your answer as a whole number. In part b, round your answer to 1 decimal place. If you are entering any negative numbers be sure to include a negative sign (-) in front of those numbers a. What is the real interest rate? percent b. What is the real interest rate if the inflation premium is 3 percent while the nominal interest rate is 0.5 percent? percent
1. The level of prices and the value of money Suppose the price level reflects the number of dollars needed to buy a basket of goods containing one can of seltzer, one bag of pretzels, and one shuttle ride. In year one, the basket costs $11.00. In year two, the price of the same basket is $10.00. From year one to year two, there is deflation at an annual rate of 1.00% In year one, $55.00 will buy baskets, and in year two, $55.00 will buy This example illustrates that, as the price level falls, the value of money baskets.
Quantity Theory of Money Use the quantity equation to fill in the blanks in the following table. Price Level (P) Real Output (Y) Money Supply (M) Velocity of Money M $1 $10,000 $5,000 $1 $15.000 $2 $25.000 $8.000 $32.000 2 pts Question 4 Inflation and Interest Rates Use the equation relating inflation and interest rates to fill in the blanks in the following table. Nominal Interest Rate ) Inflation Rate ) Real Interest Rate () 275 4.5 25 3.5 2.