**Activity 4: Reaction Mechanisms**Complete the missing reaction arrows in the mechanisms shown below.**a. Mechanism Part 1:**- There are 6 arrows missing in this mechanism.**Reaction:**1. Reactants: A chlorine substituted acetyl group (\( \text{ClC(O)CH}_3 \)) reacts with methanol (\( \text{HOCH}_3 \)).2. Formation of an intermediate complex with negatively charged oxygen and positively charged hydrogen.3. Transition to form a chloride ion and a final product with methoxy substitution.**Process Explanation:**- A nucleophilic attack occurs where methanol's oxygen attacks the carbonyl carbon.- A base extracts a hydrogen atom resulting in a transient structure with proton movement.- The chloride ion leaves, leading to the formation of the methyl ester.---**b. Mechanism Part 2:**- There are 6 arrows missing in this mechanism.**Reaction:**1. Reactants: A methoxy substituted acetyl group (\( \text{OCH}_3 \)) and hydroxide ion (\( \text{OH}^- \)).2. Formation of a negatively charged oxygen intermediate.3. Transition to form methoxide ion and release of an acetyl group.**Process Explanation:**- Hydroxide ion attacks the carbonyl carbon, pushing electrons onto the oxygen.- Rearrangement occurs, leading to the departure of methoxide ion.- A new molecule is formed.**Diagram Detail:**- Dashed box indicates a transient methyl acetate intermediate reacting to form the final product with released methanol. Fill in the reaction mechanisms by adding the reaction arrows indicating electron movement to complete the depiction of these processes. The image shows a chemical reaction mechanism involving an ester and an acid-base reaction. The mechanism is missing six arrows.1. **Reactants and Initial Transformation:** - **Structures:** The reaction begins with a ketone and methanol (HO–CH₃) under equilibrium conditions. - **Product Formation:** The methanol protonates the ketone oxygen, resulting in an oxonium ion.2. **Base Interaction:** - A base is involved in the next step, where the oxonium ion undergoes deprotonation to form an ester intermediate with a negative charge (alkoxide ion).3. **Equilibrium Transition:** - The mechanism shows a transition between two structures of the alkoxide ion. 4. **Decomposition into Final Products:** - The alkoxide structure further decomposes into two distinct products: - An ester with the structure OCH₃, contained within a dashed box. - Another ketone structure with a hydroxyl group replacing the ester group, which also participates as a base (indicated).Overall, the diagram illustrates a series of transformations leading from a ketone and methanol through ionic intermediates to the final ester and ketone products. The missing arrows are crucial for indicating the flow of electrons and the steps leading from one intermediate to the next in the mechanism.

The given reaction schemes are shown below.We have to add the arrrows of these reaction mechanisms.

4. Fill in the missing arrows on the mechanism below. a. There are 6 arrows missing in this mechanism. CI + HOCH 3 OCH 3 base b. There are 6 arrows missing in this mechanism. OH CH3 L CI H CH3 OCH 3 fb OCH 3 H + OCH 3 HOCH 3

4. Fill in the missing arrows on the mechanism below. a. There are 6 arrows missing in this mechanism. CI + HOCH 3 OCH 3 base b. There are 6 arrows missing in this mechanism. OH CH3 L CI H CH3 OCH 3 fb OCH 3 H + OCH 3 HOCH 3

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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