4. (a) Time required for a 3m clay layer, sitting on bedrock, and overlain by a sand layer to fully consolidate is 4 years. What if the clay layer was on a sand layer or another stiff clay layer? Please explain (with reasoning) how the time required for the consolidation process to complete is likely to be affected in either case (no calculations required to be shown).

Q: Hand draw the SWCC of sand as a relationship between gravimetric water content,

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Q: A) Only adding a wide surface load of great pressure (e.g. embankment). B) Only drilling a vertical…

A: To Determine: The following separate, unrelated actions cause consolidation settlement in the clay…

Q: f the time required for 50% consolidation of a remoulded sample of clay with single drainage is ,…

A: TIme for 50% consolidation is = tTo Find :The time required to consolidate the same sample of clay…

Q: If the primary consolidation settlement of a clay layer is calculated to be 396 mm, what is the…

A: ASKED: To compute the settlement for the given time factor.   Given, Primary consolidation…

Q: Two near-surface strata of the same soft clay are to be consolidated. In one the consolidation is to…

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Q: A cohesive soil sample obtained from a known normally consolidated clay deposit is found to have a…

A: The compression index of soil is defined as the slope of the graph between pressure and void ratio…

Q: What are the reason for the difference in behavior between clay and silt?

A: The reason for the difference in behavior between clay and silt are : 1- Clay particles are smaller…

Q: Describe the various factors that affected the rate of consolidation for a stratum of clay soil.

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Q: Under a given load, a clay layer attains 30% degree of consolidation in 100 days. The time taken by…

A: 30% consolidation in = 100 daysTo Find :The time taken by the same layer to attain 60% degree of…

Q: A soil profile is shown in figure below. A uniformly distributed load, q=200 kPa, is applied at the…

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Q: Referring to occurrences observed in a typical field or laboratory compression test, explain why a…

A: Compression of soil is defined as a process by which the volume of the soil is decreased by…

Q: What do you mean by clay sensitivity and what are the different range of claysensitivity?

A: The sensitivity of clay is determined as the ratio of their undisturbed strength to remoulded…

Q: For a particular loading condition, a saturated clay layer undergoes 30% consolidation in a period…

A: Given- 30% consolidation in 180 days, U1=30% & t1=180 days, Further 20% consolidation, so,…

Q: If a clay layer is initially normally consolidated on site, which of the following processes or…

A: To select:The processes or actions would lead to the clay layer becoming over-consolidated If a clay…

Q: An explanation of the void ratio and permeability relationship

A: Given data  Void ratio  Permeability  To be discussed  Relationship between these two

Q: Explain how the shear strength of sand changes with respect to suction in various zones.

A: To understand the shear strength properties for unsaturated soil or sand with different…

Q: 1.In an oedometer test a specimen of saturated clay 19 mm thick reaches 50% consolidation in 20 min.…

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Q: With the aid of sketches, explain Terzaghi's Spring Analogy Model.

A: Answer:- Terzaghi spring analogy model:- Terzahi showed that the consolidation process in a clay…

Calculation of Settlement

The vertical displacement of the structural foundation due to the loading from the superstructure is known as settlement. It is due to the reduction of air voids present in the soil. The amount of vertical displacement depends on the bearing capacity of the soil on which the foundation is laid. The effect of the settlement depends on the magnitude of settlement, uniformity, and the structural design of the structure. The maximum allowable settlement for residential and office buildings should be less than 18 mm, for industrial buildings, it is 38 mm and for commercial buildings, it is 25 mm.