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- Subject :- Economy Consider a scenario of a closed economy in the short run where price level is fixed. Assume that both taxes and money supply increase in a way that keep output constant in equilibrium (suppose that the marginal propensity to consume is less than one). Which of the following may result from the policy change? a) It will lead to an increase in investment but a decrease in consumption. b) It will result in an increase in investment but a decrease in government spending. c) It will lead to an increase in investment and private saving. d) It will decrease investment but increase in public saving19 - How does the increase in total expenditures affect the equilibrium income level?A) remains constantB) IncreasesC) first increase and then decreaseD) DecreasesE) Decrease first, then increase.6. Changes in taxes The following graph plots an aggregate demand curve. Using the graph, shift the aggregate demand curve to depict the impact that a tax hike has on the economy. PRICE LEVEL 130 120 110 g 100 90 80 Aggregate Demand 70 0 10 20 30 OUTPUT 40 50 60 Aggregate Demand (?) Suppose the governments of two very similar economies, economy Y and economy Z, implement a tax cut of equal size. The tax cut in economy Y is temporary, while the tax cut in economy Z is permanent. The economies are otherwise completely identical. The tax cut will have a smaller impact on aggregate demand in the economy with the
- (Changes in Aggregate Supply) List three factors that can change the economy’s potential output. What is the impact of shifts of the aggregate demand curve on potential output? Illustrate your answer with a diagram7. Supply-side effects Consider a fictional economy that is operating at its long-run equilibrium. The following graph shows the aggregate demand curve (AD) and short-run aggregate supply curve (SRAS) for the economy. The long-run aggregate supply curve (LRAS) is represented by a vertical line at $6 trillion. The economy is initially producing at potential output. Suppose that fiscal authorities decide to decrease marginal tax rates. Assume that this change in marginal tax rates is perceived as a long-term change. Shift the appropriate curves to illustrate the supply-side view of the fiscal policy effect on output and the price level. (? 120 LRAS SRAS 100 AD 80 SRAS LRAS 40 AD 20 2 4 6 8 10 12 QUANTITY OF OUTPUT (Trillions of dollars) PRICE LEVEL(Fiscal Multipliers) Explain the difference between the government purchases multiplier and the net tax multiplier. If the MPC falls, what happens to the tax multiplier?
- Suppose Yakov would like to use $8,000 of his savings to make a financial investment. One way of making a financial investment is to purchase stock or bonds from a private company. Suppose TouchTech, a hand-held computing firm, is selling bonds to raise money for a new lab—a practice known as _______(equity/debt) finance. Buying a bond issued by TouchTech would give Yakov_______(a claim to partial ownership in/an IOU, or promise to pay, from) the firm. In the event that TouchTech runs into financial difficulty, ________(Yakov and the other bondholders/the stockholders) will be paid first. Suppose instead Yakov decides to buy 100 shares of TouchTech stock. Which of the following statements are correct? Check all that apply. A. An increase in the perceived profitability of TouchTech will likely cause the value of Yakov's shares to rise. B. The Dow Jones Industrial Average is an example of a stock exchange where he can purchase TouchTech stock. C.…Assume that at the end of 2021, the US government will have a 30 trillion (i.e. 30,000bn) dollars of existing debt. Also assume that the nominal interest rate is 7% and the inflation rate is 6%. (i) In 2022, the government decides to stabilize the debt (at 30 trillion USD). Compute the size of a primary surplus that the government must run to achieve debt stabilization. (Express in billion USD) (ii) Instead, now assume that the nominal rates will increase to 10% but the inflation remains unchanged. Compute the new size of a primary surplus that the government must run to achieve debt stabilization. (Express in billion USD) (iii) Finally, assume that the nominal rates will increase to 10% but the inflation will fall to 3%. Compute the new size of a primary surplus that the government must run to achieve debt stabilization. (Express in billion USD) (iv) If the government decides to stabilize the debt in 2022 under these three different macroeconomic conditions (i)-(iii), which will be…5. Supply-side effects Consider a fictional economy that is operating at its long-run equilibrium. The following graph shows the aggregate demand (AD) curve and short-run aggregate supply (AS) curve for the economy. The long-run aggregate supply curve is represented by a vertical line at the potential GDP level of $6 trillion. The economy is initially producing at potential GDP. Suppose that fiscal authorities decide to decrease marginal tax rates. Assume that this change in marginal tax rates is perceived as a long-term change. Shift the appropriate curves to illustrate the supply-side view of the fiscal policy effect on output and the price level. Note: Select and drag one or both of the curves to the desired position. Curves will snap into position, so if you try to move a curve and it snaps back to its original position, just drag it a little farther 8 100 8 PRICE LEVEL 8 9 8 True Potential GDP O False AS AD 10 QUANTITY OF OUTPUT (Trillions of dollars) 12 True or False! Supply side…