4 When the prevalence of a disease in the population is very low, such as HIV infection or certain cancers, there is controversy about the benefits of screening everyone for the disease. In this problem, you will see why this is the case. The table below shows what is likely to happen if all roughly 300,000,000 Americans each were given an inexpensive enzyme immunoassay screening test for HIV infection. Test Positive Test Negative Total Have HIV 1,339,370 4,030 1,343,400 Do Not Have HIV 4,479,849 294,176,751 298,656,600 Total 5,819,219 294,180,781 300,000,000 74- 75

Q: hypothesis test

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