3.2) Will the company be able to pay its short-term debts if business conditions are unfavourable? Use an appropriate ratio to motivate your answer. 3.3)Comment on the returns of the shareholders on their investments (expressed to two decimal places) over the two-year period (2021 and 2022). Motivate your answer with the relevant calculations.
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
3.2) Will the company be able to pay its short-term debts if business conditions are unfavourable? Use
an appropriate ratio to motivate your answer.
3.3)Comment on the returns of the shareholders on their investments (expressed to two decimal
places) over the two-year period (2021 and 2022). Motivate your answer with the relevant
calculations.
Answer the questions above by using the information below:
Disney Limited
Statement of Comprehensive Income for the year ended 31 December 2021
R
Sales 1 960 000
Cost of sales 1 240 000
Operating profit 472 000
Interest expense 48 000
Profit before tax 424 000
Profit after tax 305 280
2021 (R) 2020 (R)
Assets
Non-current assets 2 320 000 1 960 000
Inventories 720 000 440 000
Cash and cash equivalents 440 000 340 000
3 840 000 3 240 000
Equity and liabilities
Equity 2 960 000 2 040 000
Non-current liabilities 480 000 820 000
Accounts payable 400 000 380 000
3 840 000 3 240 000
Additional information
1. The profit after tax for the year ended 31 December 2020 was R240 000.
2. All purchases and sales of inventories are on credit
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