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3. Fates of pyruvate. Pyruvate has several metabolic fates (some of which you'll learn later) but in anerobic conditions pyruvate has two outcomes. a. For these anerobic outcomes of pyruvate draw the reactions with names and structures of the reactants and products. Please name the enzymes and cofactors necessary. b. During strenuous activity, the demand for ATP in muscle tissue is vastly increased. In rabbit leg muscle or turkey flight muscle, the ATP is produced almost exclusively by lactic acid fermentation. ATP is formed in the payoff phase of glycolysis by two reactions, promoted by phosphoglycerate kinase and pyruvate kinase. Suppose skeletal muscle were devoid of lactate dehydrogenase. Could it carry out strenuous physical activity; that is, could it generate ATP at a high rate by glycolysis? Explain.

3. Fates of pyruvate. Pyruvate has several metabolic fates (some of which you'll learn later) but in anerobic conditions pyruvate has two outcomes. a. For these anerobic outcomes of pyruvate draw the reactions with names and structures of the reactants and products. Please name the enzymes and cofactors necessary. b. During strenuous activity, the demand for ATP in muscle tissue is vastly increased. In rabbit leg muscle or turkey flight muscle, the ATP is produced almost exclusively by lactic acid fermentation. ATP is formed in the payoff phase of glycolysis by two reactions, promoted by phosphoglycerate kinase and pyruvate kinase. Suppose skeletal muscle were devoid of lactate dehydrogenase. Could it carry out strenuous physical activity; that is, could it generate ATP at a high rate by glycolysis? Explain.

Biochemistry
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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**Topic: Fates of Pyruvate in Anaerobic Conditions** Pyruvate, a key intermediate in metabolic pathways, has several potential fates. Here, we explore its anaerobic outcomes. Under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate can follow two primary pathways: ### a. Anaerobic Outcomes - **Task**: Illustrate the reactions for anaerobic outcomes of pyruvate, detailing the names and structures of reactants and products. Additionally, identify the necessary enzymes and cofactors. ### b. ATP Production in Muscle Tissue During intense physical activity, muscle tissues experience a surge in ATP demand. In certain muscles, like those of rabbits or turkeys, ATP is primarily generated through lactic acid fermentation. This process occurs in the payoff phase of glycolysis, where ATP is generated via two key reactions facilitated by: - **Phosphoglycerate Kinase** - **Pyruvate Kinase** Consider the scenario where skeletal muscle lacks lactate dehydrogenase. Analyze whether such a muscle could sustain high ATP production necessary for vigorous physical activity, focusing on the implications for glycolysis. **Question**: Would muscle tissues without lactate dehydrogenase be capable of maintaining high ATP levels under strenuous conditions? Provide a detailed explanation.
Transcribed Image Text:**Topic: Fates of Pyruvate in Anaerobic Conditions** Pyruvate, a key intermediate in metabolic pathways, has several potential fates. Here, we explore its anaerobic outcomes. Under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate can follow two primary pathways: ### a. Anaerobic Outcomes - **Task**: Illustrate the reactions for anaerobic outcomes of pyruvate, detailing the names and structures of reactants and products. Additionally, identify the necessary enzymes and cofactors. ### b. ATP Production in Muscle Tissue During intense physical activity, muscle tissues experience a surge in ATP demand. In certain muscles, like those of rabbits or turkeys, ATP is primarily generated through lactic acid fermentation. This process occurs in the payoff phase of glycolysis, where ATP is generated via two key reactions facilitated by: - **Phosphoglycerate Kinase** - **Pyruvate Kinase** Consider the scenario where skeletal muscle lacks lactate dehydrogenase. Analyze whether such a muscle could sustain high ATP production necessary for vigorous physical activity, focusing on the implications for glycolysis. **Question**: Would muscle tissues without lactate dehydrogenase be capable of maintaining high ATP levels under strenuous conditions? Provide a detailed explanation.
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