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3. Explain one type of physical weathering. 4. Explain one type of chemical weathering.

3. Explain one type of physical weathering. 4. Explain one type of chemical weathering.

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN:9780134746241
Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa
Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1LR
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### Transcription for Educational Website **Section: Weathering** **Question 3:** Explain one type of physical weathering. **Question 4:** Explain one type of chemical weathering. ### Understanding Weathering Weathering is the process that breaks down rocks, soil, and minerals through contact with atmospheric conditions. It is a fundamental aspect of the Earth's geological processes. ### Physical Weathering Physical weathering, also known as mechanical weathering, involves the breaking down of rocks and minerals through physical forces. This process occurs without changing the chemical composition of the materials. Examples of physical weathering include: - **Frost Wedging:** This occurs when water seeps into cracks in rocks and freezes. The expansion of ice exerts pressure, causing the rock to crack and eventually break apart. - **Thermal Expansion:** Rocks expand when heated and contract when cooled. Repeated temperature fluctuations cause stress, leading to fractures and breakage. - **Exfoliation:** Layers or sheets of rock gradually peel away due to temperature changes and pressure release. ### Chemical Weathering Chemical weathering involves the alteration of the chemical composition of rocks and minerals. This process results in new minerals and releases ions into the surrounding environment. Examples include: - **Oxidation:** Oxygen reacts with minerals, particularly those with iron, leading to rust formation. This process weakens the rock structure and changes its color. - **Hydrolysis:** Water reacts with minerals like feldspar in granite, transforming them into clay minerals and soluble salts. - **Carbonation:** Carbon dioxide dissolved in water forms carbonic acid, which reacts with minerals like calcite in limestone, leading to dissolution and the formation of features like caves. Understanding these processes helps us appreciate the natural forces that shape our landscapes and influence soil formation.
Transcribed Image Text:### Transcription for Educational Website **Section: Weathering** **Question 3:** Explain one type of physical weathering. **Question 4:** Explain one type of chemical weathering. ### Understanding Weathering Weathering is the process that breaks down rocks, soil, and minerals through contact with atmospheric conditions. It is a fundamental aspect of the Earth's geological processes. ### Physical Weathering Physical weathering, also known as mechanical weathering, involves the breaking down of rocks and minerals through physical forces. This process occurs without changing the chemical composition of the materials. Examples of physical weathering include: - **Frost Wedging:** This occurs when water seeps into cracks in rocks and freezes. The expansion of ice exerts pressure, causing the rock to crack and eventually break apart. - **Thermal Expansion:** Rocks expand when heated and contract when cooled. Repeated temperature fluctuations cause stress, leading to fractures and breakage. - **Exfoliation:** Layers or sheets of rock gradually peel away due to temperature changes and pressure release. ### Chemical Weathering Chemical weathering involves the alteration of the chemical composition of rocks and minerals. This process results in new minerals and releases ions into the surrounding environment. Examples include: - **Oxidation:** Oxygen reacts with minerals, particularly those with iron, leading to rust formation. This process weakens the rock structure and changes its color. - **Hydrolysis:** Water reacts with minerals like feldspar in granite, transforming them into clay minerals and soluble salts. - **Carbonation:** Carbon dioxide dissolved in water forms carbonic acid, which reacts with minerals like calcite in limestone, leading to dissolution and the formation of features like caves. Understanding these processes helps us appreciate the natural forces that shape our landscapes and influence soil formation.
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