3. Effect of Electron-donating groups но Structure 1 Structure 2 NH2 Structure 1 Structure 2

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Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
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Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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3. Do electron-withdrawing groups lead to the same effect in stabilizing carbocations? Why?

Compare the charges of the molecules below. This time, I need you to identify the hybridization of each carbon in
the structure based on what you have studied in your high school chemistry.
1. Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Carbocations
+H
`CH2
Structure 1
Structure 2
Structure 3
2. Effect of pi systems
„CH2
Structure 1
Structure 2
Structure 1
Structure 2
3. Effect of Electron-donating groups
но
Structure 1
Structure 2
NH2
+H
Structure 1
Structure 2
Question for Part D:
1. Which of these molecules have greater carbocation stability? Provide an explanation for your choices in
Numbers 1, 2 and 3.
2. What is the role of electron-donating groups to the stability of carbocations?
3. Do electron-withdrawing groups lead to the same effect in stabilizing carbocations? Why?
4. Provide at least two types of chemical reactions in organic chemistry where carbocation intermediates are
involved in. Explain the role of carbocation stability in these reactions.
Transcribed Image Text:Compare the charges of the molecules below. This time, I need you to identify the hybridization of each carbon in the structure based on what you have studied in your high school chemistry. 1. Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Carbocations +H `CH2 Structure 1 Structure 2 Structure 3 2. Effect of pi systems „CH2 Structure 1 Structure 2 Structure 1 Structure 2 3. Effect of Electron-donating groups но Structure 1 Structure 2 NH2 +H Structure 1 Structure 2 Question for Part D: 1. Which of these molecules have greater carbocation stability? Provide an explanation for your choices in Numbers 1, 2 and 3. 2. What is the role of electron-donating groups to the stability of carbocations? 3. Do electron-withdrawing groups lead to the same effect in stabilizing carbocations? Why? 4. Provide at least two types of chemical reactions in organic chemistry where carbocation intermediates are involved in. Explain the role of carbocation stability in these reactions.
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