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- Age and Gender. The U.S. Census Bureau publishes census data on the resident population of the United States in Current Population Survey. According to that document, 7.3% of male residents are in the age group 20–24 years. a. If no association exists between age group and gender, what percentage of the resident population would be in the age group 20–24 years? Explain your answer.b. If no association exists between age group and gender, what percentage of female residents would be in the age group 20–24 years? Explain your answer.c. There are about 158 million female residents of the United States. If no association exists between age group and gender, how many female residents would there be in the age group 20–24 years?d. In fact, there are some 10.9 million female residents in the age group 20–24 years. Given this number and your answer to part (c), what do you conclude?1) a.What is/are the appropriate measure(s) of central tendency for each of the variables in Columns B-F? Explain your answers in no more than two sentences each. b. Calculate the measures of central tendencies above c. Imagine that a 21st run is added to your dataset. See the table below for its data Run Eth. Gly. Acid. Temp pH 21 18.2 7.2 2.1 18 4.2 d. Do these data points change your choices of central tendency reported in Question 2b? Explain your answer. Attached dataset; a b c d e f Run Ethanol Glycerol Acidity Temp pH 1 4.8 3.5 0.84 24 3.8 2 9.6 7.3 0.27 24 3.8 3 10.2 7.2 0.27 24 3.8 4 8.5 5.1 0.55 24 3.8 5 7.3 3.2 0.68 24 3.1272 6 4.8 1.2 1.24 30 4.2 7 7.9 4.4 0.65 18 3.4 8 6.7 4.3 0.65 30 3.4 9 9.8 6.9 0.47 24 3.8 10 10.2 7.2 0.32 24 3.8 11 9.8 5.8 0.51 24 3.8 12 10.2 7.5 0.28 24 3.8 13 8.2 5.1 0.49 18 4.2 14 7.1 3.9 0.6 18 3.4 15 8.2 4.8 0.46 13.908 3.8 16 5.6 3.3…The National Safety Council released the following data on the incidence rates for fatal or lost-worktime injuries per 100 employees for several industries in three recent years. Industry Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Textile .46 .48 .69 Chemical .52 .62 .63 Communication .90 .72 .81 Machinery 1.50 1.74 2.10 Services 2.89 2.03 2.46 Nonferrous metals 1.80 1.92 2.00 Food 3.29 3.18 3.17 Government 5.73 4.43 4.00 Compute r for each pair for years and determine which years are most highly correlated
- Consider full-time community college students as an observational unit. a) Come up with one categorical and one quantitative variable related to a full-time community college student. [You CANNOT use AGE, HEIGHT, GENDER, MAJOR]. b) Considering your categorical variable from part a), name three types of graphical displays you can use to represent that variable. c) Come up with one quantitative variable for a community college student that would have a distribution that is SKEWED RIGHT or SKEWED LEFT.14. A total of 12 participants were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: antidepressant medication ("drug"), weekly psychotherapy ("therapy”), or no treatment ("control"). Depression scores were collected 8 weeks after treatment began. We want to know how effective the depression treatments were (that is, do the mean depression scores differ between groups?). Drug Drug Drug b) Determine what test to use. Drug Therapy Therapy Therapy Therapy Control Control Control Control a) What are the null and alternative hypotheses? 8 9 14 6 12 7 15 8 22 25 18 20 c) Determine alpha, how many tails are there, what are the df and find a critical value.Vitamin E and the Risk of Prostate Cancer: Klien et al (2011) conducted the following study to determine the effect of vitamin E and selenium treatment on the risk of developing prostate cancer in healthy men. A total of 34,887 men from different study sites in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico were randomly selected. To be eligible to participate, the men had to take a rectal examination that showed he was not suspicious of having prostate cancer and be aged 50 years or older for black men and 55 years or older for all others. Each man was randomly assigned to receive one of four treatments: selenium, vitamin E, selenium and vitamin E together, or a placebo. The men were followed up after 8 years to see if they had developed prostate cancer or not. The main question of interest is to determine if the risk of developing prostate cancer differs by the treatment taken. The data are summarized in the table below: No Prostate Cancer Prostate Cancer Total Selenium 8,752 8,737 8,702…
- 2) Consider the following data from a hypothetical case control study examining the relationship between tanning bed use in young adulthood and risk of melanoma Cases 688 196 History of Tanning Bed Use Yes No Controls 288 864 a) Name the appropriate measure of association for estimating the relative risk of melanoma, comparing tanning bed users (exposed) to nonusers (reference category). Calculate this measure and provide a brief interpretation of your answer b) Assume that this relationship is causal. Among young people who use tanning beds, what proportion of melanoma risk could be eliminated by banning tanning bed use in young adults? c) If 4% of all young adults use tanning beds, what proportion of melanoma risk could be eliminated from the overall general population by banning the use of tanning beds in young adults?A survey collected data on annual credit card charges in seven different categories of expenditures: transportation, groceries, dining out, household expenses, home furnishings, apparel, and entertainment. Using data from a sample of 42 credit card accounts, assume that each account was used to identify the annual credit card charges for groceries (population 1) and the annual credit card charges for dining out (population 2). Using the difference data, with population 1– population 2, the sample mean difference was d = $870, and the sample standard deviation was s,= $1,125. (a) Formulate the null and alternative hype to test for no difference between the population mean credit card charges for groceries and the population mean credit card charges for dining out. 0> Prt :°H 0 = Pri :ºH O O Ho: Hdso H: H=0 (b) Calculate the test statistic. (Round your answer to three decimal places.) What is the p-value? (Round your answer to four decimal places.) Can you conclude that the population…A) We have just conducted a study examining how much math anxiety students experience after taking a statistics class. We want to know if students on average are reporting low (1) or high (7) levels of math anxiety. To do that, we want to compare the math anxiety levels of the students after they have taken a statistics course to the average population math anxiety. We believe that the students on average will have a level of math anxiety that differs from the population. X 3 4 4 5 5 3 1 3 5 6 7 2 2 3 2 3 2 3 1 3 Report our null and alternative hypotheses in words. Given the information we have, what specific t-test do we need to run in order to examine our hypothesis? Provided are the ratings from the students that we recruited (see left), the mean and standard deviation for that sample (see below), and the population average (see below): xbar =3.35, Meu=4.00 and SD=1.60…
- Snoqualmie” is a name shared by a waterfall and a tribe of Native Americans. In a study of the cultural importance of the waterfall, two groups of the Snoqualmie tribe were randomly surveyed. One group consisted of Snoqualmie members living less than 25 miles from the waterfall. Another group consisted of Snoqualmie members living more than 25 miles from the waterfall. The researchers asked each member to rate the cultural importance of the waterfall as low, medium, or high. Data from the study are presented in the following table. Members Living More Than 25 Miles from the Waterfall Members Living Less Than 25 Miles from the Waterfall Total Low 25 17 42 Medium 8 21 29 High 5 12 17 Total 38 50 88 If the distributions of ratings are the same for those Snoqualmie members living less than 25 miles from the waterfall and those living more than 25 miles from the waterfall, which of the following is equal to the expected count of members living less than 25 miles from the…You just finished statistics class and are eager to collect and analyze your own data! You run out and collect data on students' living arrangements (measured as either on-campus housing or off-campus housing) and whether they are involved in extra-curricular activities (measured as either involved or not involved). You want to examine whether there is an equal distribution of students who live on- and off-campus among those are are involved or not involved in extra-curricular activities. You will most likely use ___ to analyze your data. Group of answer choices a z-test a two-sample t-test a one-sample t-test an ANOVA a correlation a chi-square test a z-score a one-predictor regression a two-predictor regression1. Explain under what conditions a researcher would use a One-Way Between-Subjects ANOVA. 2. A psychologist at a private mental hospital was asked to determine whether there was a clear difference in the length of stay for patients with different categories of diagnosis. Looking at the last four patients in each of the three major categories, the results (in terms of weeks of stay) were as follows:Diagnosis Category Affective Disorders Cognitive Disorders Drug-Related Conditions 7 12 8 6 8 10 5 9 12 6 11…