3- Consider a binary star system in which the two stars are seen to be 1.50" apart. Determine the actual physical separation of those stars (in AU) if this binary system is located 9.50 1.y. from us.
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- 1. Consider our Sun - it is in orbit around the center of our Milky Way Galaxy. The velocity of the Sun in its orbit is about 250 km/s. The distance to the center of the galaxy is about 9.1 kpc (kiloparsecs). We can use Kepler's third law to calculate the mass of the galaxy interior to the Sun's orbit. We assume that the orbit is circular so that the semimajor axis is just the radius of the circular orbit = 9.1 kpc. First we need to calculate the number of AU's in 9.1 kpc. (Note that 1 Крс - 1000 рс - 3260 1t yrs and 1 pc - 206,265 AU.) %3D a =r =9.1kpc = (9.1kpc) 1000 pc 206,265AU] 1kpc AU Sun 1pcRadius Problem 4) Is the center of gravity of our solar system (including plantes) exactly in the same location as the Oort Cloud 20,000 to 100,000 AU center of gravity of the sun on its own? reason your answer nt movement, but no neel has a radius of 6 che net torque on the5. The Luyten 762-8 star system contains two stars, one with apparent 12.5 and the other with m = 12.9. What is the combined magnitude m = apparent magnitude of the two stars?
- 17 Which of the following statements about parallax is not true? A You can demonstrate parallax simply by holding up a finger and looking at it alternately from your left and right eyes. B C D The existence of stellar parallax is direct proof that Earth orbits the Sun. Measurement of stellar parallax allows us to determine distances to nearby stars. The technique of stellar parallax was used by Hubble to determine that the Andromeda Galaxy (M 31) is about 2 million light-years away. Ancient astronomers were unable to measure parallax and used the absence of observed parallax as an argument in favor of an Earth-centered universe.4. List the seven main classes of stars, from hottest to coolest.3. Consider the following stellar spectra from the sun and from a supercluster of galaxies. ABSORPTION LINES FROM THE SUN ABSORPTION LINES FROMA SUPERCLUSTER OF GALAXIES BAS11 v = 0.07c, d 1 billion light years (a) Describe the movement of the stars in the supercluster relative to the sun. (b) Suppose the absorption lines on the bottom spectrum had varying thickness. What would this indicate about the stars in the supercluster?
- 31) Star Sirius has an apparent magnitude of -1.47 and an absolute magnitude of 1.41. Estimate the distance to Sirius.4. A binary system is composed of two identical stars orbiting each other with some period To. a) Now imagine scaling all lengths (separation between the stars and the radius of the stars) by a factor k, but keeping the density of the stars the same. By what factor does the period change? b) Now instead of scaling the lengths, scale the density by k (i.e. p → kx p). By what factor does the period change?33) A star is observed to be having an absolute magnitude of -5.6 and is located at a distance of 159.96 pc. Estimate the apparent magnitude