23. The activity of chymotrypsin changes as the pH changes in the range of pH 5-9, as shown on the following graph. 100 Percent activity (%) gg 50 40 60 60 80 20 20 0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 рН From your understanding of the chemical mechanism of the chymotrypsin reaction, and making the simplifying assumption that the only titratable groups are in the catalytic triad, explain the pH effect on chymotrypsin activity by answering parts a, b, and c. a. What amino acid functional group on which residue is most likely responsible for the effect of pH? b. What is the apparent pK₁ of that functional group? Indicate on the graph how you deduced the pKa. c. Briefly explain in terms of the chymotrypsin mechanism why the activity increases as the pH increases in this pH range.

The absorption of ketoconazole has been shown to be impaired in patients with drug-induced achlorhydria. The drug absorption was increased significantly to approximately 65% when the drug was taken with an acidic beverage such as Coca-Cola (pH 2.5). Ketoconazole is a synthetic azole antifungal agent and a weakly dibasic compound with pKa of 2.9 and 6.5. Using the information provided and the pH partition hypothesis, justify the use of Coca-Cola to improve the absorption of this antifungal agent.

Tirofiban (C22H36N₂O5S MWt = 440.6) is present as tirofiban HCI monohydrate MWt=495.1) at 0.281 mg/mL in a concentrated solution. (C22H36N2O5S.HCI.H₂O A solution for infusion is prepared by extracting 50 mL from a 250 mL bag of 5% glucose s and adding 50 mL of concentrated solution. Sonya who weighs weighs 60 kg requires a tirofiban dose of 0.4 mcg/kg/min for 30 minute- What volume would remain after 30 minutes? Answer: 94.53 mL X The correct answer is: 236 mL

Utilising the provided class data generate the following graphs: I) Michaelis Menten; II) Lineweaver-Burk; and III) Hanes-Woolf.  Ensure that you clearly label each graph,and add the relevant trendlines with equations. Table 1: Class data demonstrating the Absorbance at 700nm obtained for the alkaline phosphatase enzyme reaction Table 1 tube Abs700mm 1 0.000 2 0.060 2 0.090 4 0.140 5 0.190 6 0.250 7 0.290   The equipment we used are • 20mM Tris Buffer pH 8.5 • 33mM MgCl2 • Alkaline Phosphatase (2mg/ml) in 20mM Tris Buffer pH 8.5 • 4mM Glucose-1-phosphate • Acid Molybdate pH 5.0 • Reducing Agent • Distilled Water • Glass Test tubes • Tube Rack • Cuvette • Pipettes and Tips • Water bath set to 37oC  The method we used is  Method/Protocol: 1. Read the protocol in its entirety before starting. Take note of any additional information that appears in subsequent steps that may influence how previous steps are performed. 2. Using glass tubes, generate the reactions mixtures…

Draw dipeptide Arg-Thr at pH 6.0. Circle the six atoms that are restricted in one plane. Calculate its approximate pI assuming pKa for NH3+ is 10.0, pKa for COOH is 3.0, PKR for Arg is 12.0

Trypsin, a peptidase that hydrolyzes polypeptides, functions in the small intestine at an optimum pH of 7.7–8.0. How is the rate of a trypsin-catalyzed reaction affected by each of the following conditions?

The standard state free energy of hydrolysis of acetyl phosphate isΔG° = -42.3 kJ/mol. Acetyl-P + H2O acetate + Pi Calculate the free energy change for the acetyl phosphate hydrolysis in a solution of 2 mM acetate, 2 mM phosphate and 3 nM acetyl phosphate.

Tirofiban (C22H36N₂O5S MWt = 440.6) is present as tirofiban HCI monohydrate (C22H36N2O5S.HCI.H₂O MWt=495.1) at 0.281 mg/mL in a concentrated solution. A solution for infusion is prepared by extracting 50 mL from a 250 mL bag of 5% glucose solution and adding 50 mL of concentrated solution. Sofia who weighs weighs 87 kg requires a tirofiban dose of 0.1 mcg/kg/min for 12 to 24 hours. What would the infusion rate be (mL/h)? (Answer to 1 decimal place.) Answer:

HEPES, 4-(2-hydro)-1-piperazine ethane sulfonic acid, shown below. fully protonated, has pKa’s of  3.00 and 7.55. It is a commonly used buffer for tissue culture and organ storage during transplantation due in part to its effectiveness over a wide temperature range. One-way oxalic acid can be produced in fungi by hydrolysis of oxaloacetate, an intermediate in the Kreb’s citric acid cycle, to produce oxalic acid and acetic acid. This reaction, shown below, is catalyzed by oxaloacetase.  [O2CC(O)CH2CO2] 2− + H2O → C2O44−+      CH3COO− + H+   oxaloacetate                               oxalic acid     acetate In a 1-ml reaction mixture containing 50 mM NaCl, 50 mM HEPES, pH 7.8, 5 mM oxaloacetate and 5 pmol oxaloacetase, complete hydrolysis of the oxaloacetate was achieved in 10 minutes of incubation at 30°C.   What was the pH of the reaction mixture at the end of the reaction?

why is the shape a hyperbolic curve? Please explain the shape