2. An implementation of the above RISC-V microprocessor has been designed where thesupported instructions are classified as follows with regard to the number of cyclesrequired to execute:Arithmetic & Logic:4 cyclesMemory Access:5 cycles3 cyclesBranching:System Calls:1 cycleWhat is the average CPI for this microprocessor?(includes lui, add, addi, or, ori, sub, and,(includes all loads and stores)(includes blt, beq, bne)(includes ecall)andi)

To calculate the average CPI (cycles per instruction) for this microprocessor, we need to know the…

Answered: 2. An implementation of the above…

Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (7th Edition)

7th Edition

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Author:James Kurose, Keith Ross

Publisher:James Kurose, Keith Ross

Chapter1: Computer Networks And The Internet

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Problem R1RQ: What is the difference between a host and an end system? List several different types of end...

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The term "orthogonal instruction set" needs clarification.
Please answer all the following questions. 1. In a hypothetical computer, the processor has four registers: an 8-bit Program Counter (PC), a 16-bit Accumulator (AC), a 16-bit Counter (CTR), and a 12-bit Pointer (PTR). The memory is divided into words each of which is 16-bit long. Each word can hold either an instruction or a piece of data. For each instruction X, the four most significant bits (denoted by X15-12) represent an opcode. The rest of the instruction (denoted by X11-0) can be either an address or a value of an operand. The table below explains some of the instructions supported by the processor. Opcode (binary) 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1010 1011 Operation Load AC from a memory location whose address is X11-0. Store AC into a memory location whose address is X11-0. Add to AC the contents of a memory location whose address is the value of PTR. The result is saved to AC. 1100 Subtract from AC the contents of a memory location whose address is the value…
Consider the following examples. Registers for stack segment and additional segment. The control flag register and the conditional flag register are two different types of flag registers. Subject The Embedded System is an introduction to embedded systems. There is a difference between a logical and a physical address. What is the 8086 microprocessor's minimum and maximum mode?
Design a simple microprocessor called Custom-ARM which is a simple 16-bit single-cycleprocessor that implements a custom instruction set. The processor should consist of the following four main components:- A register file- An Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)- A read-only instruction memory (IMEM)- A read/write data memory (DMEM) This processor has 8 registers (R0-R7) and the program code is stored as 22-bit instructions in the IMEM. The processor implements three types of instructions, an instruction format example for 22-bit instructions is shown at Table 1. Some instruction examples are shown at Table 2. A-) Design the instruction format for your 22-bit instructions for each type of instruction shown in Table 1. Different types of instructions with various parameter types (register and immediate) should be supported in your designs. - Design four types of data processing instructions that are such as EOR, RSB, ADC, SBC, RSC, TST, TEQ, CMN, BIC, MVN, ...- Design two types of memory…
H.W.: Consider a hypothetical machine with two steps instruction cycle: fetch cycle and execute cycle. The characteristics of the machine is given in Figure 8 with the following explanation: The processor contains a single data register, called an accumulator (AC). • Both instructions and data are 8 bits long. • The memory is organized using 8-bit words. • The instruction format provides 2 bits for the opcode, and up to 26 = 64 words of memory can be directly addressed. Opcode Address (a) Instruction format Magnitude (b) Integer format Program counter (PC)= Address of instruction Instruction register (IR)- Instruction being executed Accumulator (AC) Temporary storage (c) Internal CPU registers -Load AC from memory Store AC to memory - Add to AC from memory (d) Partial list of opcodes Figure 8 Characteristics of a Hypothetical Machine Figure 9 illustrates a partial program execution, showing the relevant portions of memory and processor registers after the first instruction, 64H has…
Classify the following attributes of a machine as either a property of its microarchitecture or ISA and state the reasoning: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) The machine does not have a subtract instruction. The ALU of the machine does not have a subtract unit. The machine does not have condition codes. It takes n cycles to execute an ADD instruction. The register file has one input port and two output ports.
Can you explain please
Consider a 16-bit processor in which the following appears in the main memory, starting at location 200.a. The first part of the first word (content at 200) indicates that this instruction loads a value into an accumulator; the value of 300 in location 201 may be part of the address calculator. The mode field specifies an addressing mode and, if appropriate, indicates a source register. a. Assume that when used, the source register R1, which has a value of 500. b. There is also a base register that contains the value 100, Assume that location 249 contains the value 399, location 250 contains the value 400, and so on. Determine the effective address and the operand to be loaded for the following address modes:
Write one advantage each of memory-mapped I/O and instruction based I/O.
18 What is speculation as it relates to parallelization? It is the set of instructions that issues together in one clock cycle and the packet may be determined statically by the compiler or dynamically by the processor. It is a style of instruction set architecture that launches many operations that are defined to be independent in a single wide instruction, typically with many separate opcode fields. It is the number of clock cycles between a load instruction and an instruction that can use the result of the load without stalling the pipeline. O It is an approach whereby the compiler or processor guesses the outcome of an instruction to remove it as a dependence in executing other instructions.
microprocessor

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