1kV-30kV in a scanning electron microscope (SEM). You are asked to analyze the surface topography as well as bulk microstructure of a cast iron. Keep working distance and spot size constant for your experiment. CALCULATE the ‘electron interaction’ volume or depth of penetration of electron beams to the sample for the 2kV voltage (applied). Which voltage (2kV, 5kV, 10kV, 20kV, or 30kV) do you prefer for surface topography and which one for bulk microstructure?

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Thermal Properties of Materials

In mechanical engineering, the thermal property is represented as the physical quantity that is relevant to the application of heat. The thermal properties are evaluated by variations in any specific material due to low heat or high heat. The quantities that influence the thermal property of the materials are mass, density, temperature, and many others.