(1a) A normally consolidated clay layer is 18 m thick. Natural water content is 45 %, saturated unit weight is 18 kN/m3, grain specific gravity is 2.7 and liquid limit is 63 %. The vertical stress increment at the center of clay layer due to foundation load is 9 kPa. Ground water table is at the surface. Determine the settlement.

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A: Uniform load acting = 40 kpapre-consolidation pressure= 130 kpacompression index= 0.45swell index =…

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Calculation of Settlement

The vertical displacement of the structural foundation due to the loading from the superstructure is known as settlement. It is due to the reduction of air voids present in the soil. The amount of vertical displacement depends on the bearing capacity of the soil on which the foundation is laid. The effect of the settlement depends on the magnitude of settlement, uniformity, and the structural design of the structure. The maximum allowable settlement for residential and office buildings should be less than 18 mm, for industrial buildings, it is 38 mm and for commercial buildings, it is 25 mm.