18. Antiviral proteins synthesized in response to the binding of interferon may target a. intracellular uncoating b. nucleic acid synthesis c. viral assembly C. d. viral ribosomes e. all the above except d

Q: 21. The following is correct about superantigens? A. cause autoimmune disease C. activates B cells…

A: Introduction :- Superantigens (SAgs) are a group of antigens that cause the immune system to become…

Q: 34. Which of the following cells (below) is known to produce antiphagocytic M protein? 88 A. B. C.…

A: M protein is  a factor which is responsible for the survival and virulence of the bacteria in the…

Q: Which of the following is part of the second line of defense against pathogens? a. skin b. mucus…

A: The immune system is made up of special organs, cells and chemicals that fight infection (microbes).…

Q: Fig. 5: LAPTM5 transports HIV-1 Env to the lysosome for degradation. a 120, x43 x 137 x146 NL4-3…

A: "ANSWER  By causing damage to HIV-1 Env, LAPTM5 transports it to the lysosome. With Vpr-defective…

Q: Once Tfh cells have been activated against vaccine delivered intramuscularly which Constant (C)…

A: There are five classes of immunoglobulin or antibodies. All these antibodies have variable and…

Q: Jim has been diagnosed with meningococcal disease. His family has been started on an antibiotic to…

A: Meningococcal disease are the infections which are caused because of bacterium Neisseria…

Q: Pattern recognition receptors bind to Select one: a. B and T lymphocytes b. Host cell-associated…

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Q: The three major pathways of complement activation use different molecules and mechanisms to initiate…

A: Complement-mediated immune response:  The complement system of the body which is a part of the…

Q: Bacterial capsules a. kill phagocytes b. prevent engulfment by phagocytes  c. prevent the…

A: The capsule is referred to as a pathogenicity since it increases bacteria's potential to produce…

Q: When the body is exposed to the same virus a second time, the immune response is Accompanied by…

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Q: Describe how the immune system is able to produce receptors against a wide variety of antigens when…

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Q: We now have at least three SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 vaccines approved by the FDA for use in the United…

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Q: 1. Using the sensitization and hypersensitive process for a Type I hypersensitivity as your model,…

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Q: 14. Predominant cell types involved in the humoral immune response are: A. eosinophils. В.…

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Q: - Interferons are synthesized by cells in response to many different viral infections. The common…

A: *Interferon are release by the cells whenever the virus attacks the cells that helps the body's…

Q: Antibodies are chemicals that the immune system make to attack viruses and bacteria. Each type of…

A:

Q: a cytokint storm is an overproduction of immune cells and their activating compounds- cytokines can…

A: Cytokine storm or hypercytokinemia is the physiological response of an animal's innate immunity…

Q: Barriers to using pig organs in human transplantation are _____. (Select all that apply.) a. the…

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Q: Select ALL the TRUE statements regarding antibody (specifically, immunoglobulin G) structure. The…

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Q: Find the wrong information about virus attachment and absorption to host cell. A. The surface…

A: Viruses are simple, noncellular entities consisting of one or more molecules of either DNA or RNA…

Q: Upon further testing, it is found that Matthew in question 4 does have normal cellular immunity.…

A: Antibody

Q: 22. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of cell- mediated immunity? The cells originate…

A: Note :- Since you have posted multiple questions, we will provide the solution only to the first…

Q: A friend was recently diagnosed with strep throat. One week after his treatment, he redeveloped the…

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Q: Molecular mimicry is when ____ on host cells resemble _____ on pathogens causing host to mount an…

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Q: 24. Phagocytes a. Engulf and ingest foreign material b.) Are also known as T lymphocytes C. Are not…

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Q: 45. Which of the following would be involved in reacting to a first-time exposure to Mycobacterium…

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Q: Which of the following cells are primarily targeted by HIV? a. Nerve cells. b. Helper T celIs. c.…

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Q: (1) In antibody structure, where are can we find unique variable domains? A. at the tip of each…

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Q: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome is characterized by which of the following? a. Caused by a…

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Q: Interferon alpha and beta are released by virally infected cells to warn nearby cells about the…

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Q: Explain Which Enhanced phagocytosis of a cell by the binding of a specific protein is called…

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Q: Consider the events that occur in HIV infection. I. HIV undergoes molecular self assembly. II. The…

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Viral Infections

Viruses are abundantly found, minute entities that have genetic material enclosed within a protein coat. The proteinaceous material enclosing the genetic material of the virus is called a capsid. The genetic material could be either DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid). A virus is too minute to be looked at with naked eyes and therefore visualized with the help of a microscope. They are acellular entities that require a host for processes, such as replication, transcription, translation and multiplication. Plants, animals, and bacteria act as host wherein the virus reproduce. Viruses cannot multiply outside the host's body and thus are considered nonliving outside the host body.