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15. Which of the following correctly describes the relative nucleophilicities of methoxide and tert- butoxide? A) These alkoxides have essentially the same nucleophilicities since the negative charge in both is localized on an oxygen atom. B) Methoxide is more nucleophilic because the nucleophilicity of tert-butoxide is diminished by steric effects. C) tert-Butoxide is more nucleophilic because it contains three methyl groups which increase the charge on its oxygen by donating electron density. D) tert-Butoxide is more nucleophilic because it is more basic. E) none of the above

15. Which of the following correctly describes the relative nucleophilicities of methoxide and tert- butoxide? A) These alkoxides have essentially the same nucleophilicities since the negative charge in both is localized on an oxygen atom. B) Methoxide is more nucleophilic because the nucleophilicity of tert-butoxide is diminished by steric effects. C) tert-Butoxide is more nucleophilic because it contains three methyl groups which increase the charge on its oxygen by donating electron density. D) tert-Butoxide is more nucleophilic because it is more basic. E) none of the above

Chemistry
Chemistry
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ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
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Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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15. Which of the following correctly describes the relative nucleophilicities of methoxide and tert- butoxide? A) These alkoxides have essentially the same nucleophilicities since the negative charge in both is localized on an oxygen atom. B) Methoxide is more nucleophilic because the nucleophilicity of tert-butoxide is diminished by steric effects. C) tert-Butoxide is more nucleophilic because it contains three methyl groups which increase the charge on its oxygen by donating electron density. D) tert-Butoxide is more nucleophilic because it is more basic. E) none of the above 16. Rank the species below in order of increasing nucleophilicity in protic solvents: CH3CO2-, CH3S-, HO-, H2O. Answer: A. H2O <CH3CO2- < HO- < CH3S- B. CH3CO2-<H2O<HO-<CH3S- C. CH3S-<CH3CO2-<HO-<H2O D. H2O<CH3S-<CH3CO2-<HO- 17. Assuming no other changes, what is the effect of doubling only the concentration of the alkyl halide in the SN1 reaction below? e (CH3) 3CBr + I A) no change B) doubles the rate C) triples the rate D) quadruples the rate E) rate is halved e (CH3) 3CI + Br
Transcribed Image Text:15. Which of the following correctly describes the relative nucleophilicities of methoxide and tert- butoxide? A) These alkoxides have essentially the same nucleophilicities since the negative charge in both is localized on an oxygen atom. B) Methoxide is more nucleophilic because the nucleophilicity of tert-butoxide is diminished by steric effects. C) tert-Butoxide is more nucleophilic because it contains three methyl groups which increase the charge on its oxygen by donating electron density. D) tert-Butoxide is more nucleophilic because it is more basic. E) none of the above 16. Rank the species below in order of increasing nucleophilicity in protic solvents: CH3CO2-, CH3S-, HO-, H2O. Answer: A. H2O <CH3CO2- < HO- < CH3S- B. CH3CO2-<H2O<HO-<CH3S- C. CH3S-<CH3CO2-<HO-<H2O D. H2O<CH3S-<CH3CO2-<HO- 17. Assuming no other changes, what is the effect of doubling only the concentration of the alkyl halide in the SN1 reaction below? e (CH3) 3CBr + I A) no change B) doubles the rate C) triples the rate D) quadruples the rate E) rate is halved e (CH3) 3CI + Br
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