Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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Predict the approximate chemical shift of the indicated peaks in the C-NMR spectrum.
Transcribed Image Text:**13.4 Predict the approximate chemical shift of the indicated peak(s) in the \( ^{13}C \) NMR spectrum.**
**Chemical Structure:** The image shows a structural diagram of a compound with a phenyl group (benzene ring) attached to a carbonyl group (C=O) on one side and an alcohol group (OH) on the other. An arrow indicates the specific carbon atom connected to the phenyl group and the alcohol group, suggesting it is the subject of the chemical shift prediction.
**Explanation:** In the \( ^{13}C \) NMR spectrum, each type of carbon atom in a molecule produces a distinct peak. The chemical shift, measured in parts per million (ppm), reflects the electronic environment of the carbon atom. In the structure displayed:
- **Highlighted Carbon:** The carbon atom in question, attached to the oxygen-bearing substituent (OH) and the aromatic ring, will show a specific chemical shift influenced by these groups. Typically, carbon atoms adjacent to oxygen or in aromatic environments will experience downfield shifts.
**Prediction Considerations:**
- **Carbons in Aromatic Rings:** Generally appear in the range of 120-150 ppm due to the delocalized π-electron system.
- **Carbons Adjacent to Oxygen (Alcohols):** Experience deshielding and can appear around 50-80 ppm.
Based on these typical characteristics, the indicated carbon likely lies within a unique region influenced by both aromatic and oxygen such that its shift will adjust according to these neighboring electron environments.
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