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1000 grams of steel containing 1.5 weight percent carbon is heated to complete melting.  After equilibrium is achieved, we slowly cool the alloy.  Determine the amount of pure iron or pure carbon we need to add to this 1000 gram alloy if we need to  have 100% pearlite at 720C upon slow cooling from complete melt.

1000 grams of steel containing 1.5 weight percent carbon is heated to complete melting.  After equilibrium is achieved, we slowly cool the alloy.  Determine the amount of pure iron or pure carbon we need to add to this 1000 gram alloy if we need to  have 100% pearlite at 720C upon slow cooling from complete melt.

Elements Of Electromagnetics
Elements Of Electromagnetics
7th Edition
ISBN:9780190698614
Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
Publisher:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.
ChapterMA: Math Assessment
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1000 grams of steel containing 1.5 weight percent carbon is heated to complete melting.  After equilibrium is achieved, we slowly cool the alloy.  Determine the amount of pure iron or pure carbon we need to add to this 1000 gram alloy if we need to  have 100% pearlite at 720C upon slow cooling from complete melt.

**Iron-Carbon Phase Diagram** The image presents an iron-carbon phase diagram, which is a graphical representation of the phases present in iron-carbon alloys at various temperatures and carbon concentrations. This diagram is crucial in understanding the properties and behaviors of steels and cast irons. **Axes:** - The horizontal axis shows the composition in both atomic percent carbon (at% C) and weight percent carbon (wt% C). - The vertical axis represents temperature, with degrees Celsius (°C) on the left and degrees Fahrenheit (°F) on the right. **Key Phases:** - **Liquid (L):** The topmost region indicates that the alloy is completely liquid above certain temperatures. - **delta (δ) Ferrite:** This phase appears at high temperatures and is stable at low carbon concentrations. - **Gamma (γ) Austenite:** Present at moderate to high temperatures, austenite can dissolve more carbon and is a key phase in steel processing. - **Alpha (α) Ferrite:** This phase is stable at lower temperatures and lower carbon concentrations. - **Cementite (Fe₃C):** A compound of iron and carbon, it appears at various compositions and is hard and brittle. **Important Temperatures and Compositions:** - **1538°C:** Melting point of pure iron (0 wt% C). - **912°C:** Transition temperature where α-ferrite transforms to γ-austenite. - **727°C:** Eutectoid temperature, where austenite transforms to a mixture of α-ferrite and Fe₃C. - **2.14 wt% C:** Maximum solubility of carbon in austenite. - **6.70 wt% C:** Composition of cementite. This diagram serves as a fundamental tool in metallurgy for designing and understanding steel microstructures and their thermal treatments.
Transcribed Image Text:**Iron-Carbon Phase Diagram** The image presents an iron-carbon phase diagram, which is a graphical representation of the phases present in iron-carbon alloys at various temperatures and carbon concentrations. This diagram is crucial in understanding the properties and behaviors of steels and cast irons. **Axes:** - The horizontal axis shows the composition in both atomic percent carbon (at% C) and weight percent carbon (wt% C). - The vertical axis represents temperature, with degrees Celsius (°C) on the left and degrees Fahrenheit (°F) on the right. **Key Phases:** - **Liquid (L):** The topmost region indicates that the alloy is completely liquid above certain temperatures. - **delta (δ) Ferrite:** This phase appears at high temperatures and is stable at low carbon concentrations. - **Gamma (γ) Austenite:** Present at moderate to high temperatures, austenite can dissolve more carbon and is a key phase in steel processing. - **Alpha (α) Ferrite:** This phase is stable at lower temperatures and lower carbon concentrations. - **Cementite (Fe₃C):** A compound of iron and carbon, it appears at various compositions and is hard and brittle. **Important Temperatures and Compositions:** - **1538°C:** Melting point of pure iron (0 wt% C). - **912°C:** Transition temperature where α-ferrite transforms to γ-austenite. - **727°C:** Eutectoid temperature, where austenite transforms to a mixture of α-ferrite and Fe₃C. - **2.14 wt% C:** Maximum solubility of carbon in austenite. - **6.70 wt% C:** Composition of cementite. This diagram serves as a fundamental tool in metallurgy for designing and understanding steel microstructures and their thermal treatments.
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