1.4-1 End-to-end Delay. Consider the network shown in the figure below, with three links, each with a transmission rate of 1 Mbps, and a propagation delay of 1 msecper link. Assume the length of a packet is 1000 bits.1911Answers:What is the end-end delay of a packet from when it first begins transmission on link 1, until is it received in full by the server at the end of link 3. Assume store andforward packet transmission1 msec2 msec3imeGm2me11k3

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1.4-1 End-to-end Delay. Consider the network shown in the figure below, with three links, each with a transmission rate of 1 Mbps, and a propagation delay of 1 msec per ink. Assume the length of a packet is 1000 bits. 4-Link 3 Answers What is the end-end delay of a packet from when it first begins transmission on link 1, until is it received in full by the server at the end of link 3. Assume store and forward packet transmission 1 msec 2 msec 3invec 6 me 2 12 me +-Link 3

1.4-1 End-to-end Delay. Consider the network shown in the figure below, with three links, each with a transmission rate of 1 Mbps, and a propagation delay of 1 msec per ink. Assume the length of a packet is 1000 bits. 4-Link 3 Answers What is the end-end delay of a packet from when it first begins transmission on link 1, until is it received in full by the server at the end of link 3. Assume store and forward packet transmission 1 msec 2 msec 3invec 6 me 2 12 me +-Link 3

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

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Consider an IP packet with a length of 4,500bytes that includes a 20-byteIPv4 header ans 40-byte TCP header. The packet is forwarded to an IPv4 router that supports a Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) of 600bytes. Assume that the length of the IP header in all the outgoing fragments of this packet is 20bytes. Assume that the fragmentation offset value stored in the first fragment is 0. The fragmentation offset value stored in the third fragment is
. Consider a packet of length L that begins at end system A and travels over three links to a destination end system. These three links are connected by two packet switches. Let di, si, and Ridenote the length, propagation speed, and the transmission rate of link i, for i=1,2,3. The packet switch delays each packet by dproc. Assuming no queuing delays, in terms of di, si, Ri, (i=1,2,3), and L, what is the total end-to-end delay for the packet? Suppose now the packet is 1,500 bytes, the propagation speed on all three links is 2.5-108m/s, the transmission rates of all three links are 2 Mbps, the packet switch processing delay is 3 msec, the length of the first link is 5,000 km, the length of the second link is 4,000 km, and the length of the last link is 1,000 km. For these values, what is the end-to-end delay?
Given what we know about transmission delay and the following: A web client and a web server separated by one intermediary router. • Each link carries data at 1Mbps with an MTU of 8192 bytes • Each link is 1000 km long with a propagation speed of 250000 km/s • Zero processing and queueing delays • Connection management packets (packets used for opening a connection, confirming a connection and acknowledging receipt of information) contain no data and all packets have 125 bytes of overhead on top of any data they may contain. • The web client makes an HTTP request to the server that is 250 bytes long. • The requested data is 4 kilobytes in size with 500 bytes of overhead for the HTTP status and headers What is the RTT to open the connection? а. b. How long would it take for a web client to complete the request? You can ignore any time needed to close the connection.
14 The following figure shows a TCP transaction. Assume Host A always has data to send, and each packet has size 20 Bytes. Assume Host A has a sending window of 40 Bytes, that is, it can send two "in-flight” packets maximum. Answer the following questions. A. At the time marked "1", i.e., when the first packet times out, will Host A send any packet? if your answer is no, explain why not; if your answer is yes, how many packets will be sent, what are the sequence numbers of them? B. At the time marked "2", i.e., when the ACK of the 2nd packet is received by Host A, will Host A send any packet? if your answer is no, explain why not; if your answer is yes, how many packets will be sent, what are the sequence numbers of them? Host A Host B Seq=80, 20 bytes of data Seq=100, 20 bytes of data Xª 1 2- timeout
Question 3 Consider a satellite channel running TCP/IP as shown in the figure below. Due to the long round trip time (RTT) and high bit error rate (BER) the conventional TCP congestion mechanism doesn’t work well in a satellite transmission system. 3.1 Assume traditional TCP/IP is used and that the congestion window of the TCP sender is 10k bytes, and it is in congestion avoidance (CA) state with the threshold variable equal to 8k bytes. Now, the sender receives 3 duplicated acknowledgements (ACKs). As a result, explain the effect on the congestion window size and the threshold.
1) Consider a packet of length 1200 bytes begins at end system 'A' and travels over three links to reach the destination end system 'B'. These three links are connected by two packet switches. Assuming no queuing delays, the propagation speed on all three links is 2.5*10 m/s, the transmission rates of all three links are 2 Mbps and the packet switch processing delay is 3 msec. Further, the length of the first link is 4,000 km, the length of the second link is 2,000 km, and the length of the last link is 3,000 km respectively. Specify the formula for total delay in this transmission and also calculate the end-to-end delay involved in this packet transmission?
In this problem you will be doing some elementary calculations of transmission and propagation delays. Consider two hosts, A and B that are connected by a transmissions link of2.1 Mbps. Assume that packets are of length 2.0 Kb (Kilobits) and the length of the link is 100Km. Suppose now that that length of the link is doubled. What is the propagation delay from A to B now and what is the transmission time?
Calculate the total time required to transfer a 1.5-MB file in the following cases, assuming an RTT of 80 ms, a packet size of 1 KB and an initial 2 x RTT of "hand- shaking" before data is sent. (b) The bandwidth is 10 Mbps, but after we finish sending each data packet we must wait one RTT before sending the next. (c) The link allows infinitely fast transmit, but limits bandwidth such that only 20 packets can be sent per RTT. (d) Zero transmit time as in (c), but during the first RTT we can send one packet, during the second RTT we can send two packets, during the third we can send four = 23-1, and so on.
Assume that an end-to-end communications system is made up of three networks with date rate in Mbps ρ1, ρ2, and ρ3, respectively. Ignoring the other delay components, what is the total end-to-end delay to transmit a packet size of λ?
1. What is the difference between packet fragmentation (i.e., at network layer) and frame frag- mentation (i.e., at link layer) in terms of purpose? 2. Suppose that host A is connected to a router R1, R1 is connected to another router, R2, and R2 is connected to host B. Suppose that a TCP message that contains 800 bytes of data and 20 bytes of TCP header is passed to the IP function at host A for delivery to B. Show the Total length, DF, MF, and Fragment offset fields of the IP header in each packet transmitted over the three links. (Assume that link A-R1 can support a maximum frame size of 1024 bytes including a 14-byte frame header, link R1-R2 can support a maximum frame size of 512 bytes, including an 8-byte frame header, and link R2-B can support a maximum frame size of 432 bytes including a 12-byte frame header.) (*hint: the Fragment offset field is denominated by 8-bytes, not bytes) 3. What is the purpose of the path MTU discovery process (see textbook Figure 5-42) and why does…
2. Consider a slotted TDM hierarchical network in which there are 8 computers sharing a 10 Mbps channel to a router R1, sending packets to R1 which must all be forwarded by R1 over an outgoing link (called the MAN link), as shown in Figure 1. Computers A-H always have packets waiting to be sent, so no timeslot on the shared LAN is idle. Ignore the propagation delay on the LAN. The MAN link outgoing from R1 is a 100 Mbps link. The network layer protocol in use has a PDU with exactly 40 bytes of header and exactly 200 bytes of payload (SDU). The DLC layer protocol in use on the LAN has a PDU with exactly 40 bytes of header and 20 bytes of trailer. The DLC layer protocol in use on the outgoing link from R1 has a PDU with 40 bytes of header and no trailer. The physical layer does not impose any bit overhead in either channel. Use 1 Mbps = 1000000 bps. B D E F G H R1 R2 Figure 1 (a) What is the transmission delay of a bit for Computer A? (b) What is the transmission delay of a DLC PDU for…
2. Now suppose there are two links between source and destination, with one router connecting the two links. Each link is 5,000 km long. Again suppose the MP3 file is sent as one packet. Suppose there is no congestion, so that the packet is transmitted onto the second link as soon as the router receives the entire packet. What is the end-to-end delay?