1. Why do multicellular organisms have two copies (alleles) of any given gene? 2. What genotype(s) will result in a dominant phenotype, and why? 3. What genotypes(s) will result in a recessive phenotype, and why?
Genetic Variation
Genetic variation refers to the variation in the genome sequences between individual organisms of a species. Individual differences or population differences can both be referred to as genetic variations. It is primarily caused by mutation, but other factors such as genetic drift and sexual reproduction also play a major role.
Quantitative Genetics
Quantitative genetics is the part of genetics that deals with the continuous trait, where the expression of various genes influences the phenotypes. Thus genes are expressed together to produce a trait with continuous variability. This is unlike the classical traits or qualitative traits, where each trait is controlled by the expression of a single or very few genes to produce a discontinuous variation.
Genetic diversity
1. Why do multicellular organisms have two copies (alleles) of any given gene?
2. What genotype(s) will result in a dominant
3. What genotypes(s) will result in a recessive phenotype, and why?
4. What do mean by the “gene pool” of a population? And why is this such an important concept in
understanding how evolution works on small scales?
5. If p = 0.75, what does q equal? And how do you know this?
6. What does it mean to say that a population has been become “fixed” for a particular trait? What
values for p or q tell us that fixation has occurred?
7. Ultimately, why are we concerned about the loss of genetic diversity (i.e., fixation)?
8. Contrast natural selection with genetic drift. Which one is always adaptive? Explain your answer.
9. What’s the bottleneck effect? Describe some examples of organisms that have experienced this &
what caused it to occur.
10. How can gene flow help to restore variation that may have been lost through bottleneck events? And
how does this connect with the importance of wildlife corridors?
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