1. Which of the following is the example of defense proteins? A. Dehydrogena B. Myoglobin C. Hemoglobin D. Immunoglobin 2. Which of the following is the example of storage proteins? A. Dehydrogena B. Myoglobin C. Hemoglobin D. Immunoglobin 3. Which of the following is the example of transport proteins? A. Dehydrogena B. Myoglobin C. Hemoglobin D. Immunoglobin

1. Which of the following is the example of defense proteins? A. Dehydrogena B. Myoglobin C. Hemoglobin D. Immunoglobin 2. Which of the following is the example of storage proteins? A. Dehydrogena B. Myoglobin C. Hemoglobin D. Immunoglobin 3. Which of the following is the example of transport proteins? A. Dehydrogena B. Myoglobin C. Hemoglobin D. Immunoglobin

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter45: Defenses Against Disease

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1TYK

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3. Serum proteins that increase in concentration within 24 to 48 hours of the onset of infection or injury are called: A. antibodies B. immunoglobulins. C. gamma globulins D. acute-phase proteins 4. Which of the following can be measured as an indicator of inflammation? A. Body temperature B. Number of circulating leukocytes C. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate 5. Acute-phase reactants are elevated in a patient's serum. What does this result, on its own, indicate about the patient? A. Inflammation of an unknown cause is present B. The patient has a leukemia but not a lymphoma. C. The patient has a bacterial infection. D. There is a parasiticfinfection and not a viral infection. 6. The phagosome of a macrophage is a membrane-bound vesicle that contains: A. enzymes A. reactive oxygen intermediates. B. ingested pathogens C. perforin and granzymes. 7. Macrophages recognize target cells using which of the following? A. MHC class I molecules B. Toll-like receptors
12. Which of the following statements is not true about active immunity? Select one: a. It forms a specific defense against a particular antigen b. It will last for some time c. The particular antibody formed will react against many different antigens d. It is the result of T cell and B cell activity e. An antigen-antibody reaction must occur 15. What is released by macrophages and dendritic cells to stimulate the immune response? Select one: a. Histamines b. Antigens c. Lymphatic fluids d. Antibodies e. Cytokines
4.Which of the following immune responses occurs when a cytotoxic T cell is activated? Note: This is a multiple question, choose the correct answer below: Cytotoxic T cells release antigen that inform other white blood cells to fight the pathogen causing the infection. Cytotoxic T cells release histamine molecules that signal the blood vessels to dilate. Cytotoxic T cells release antibodies that neutralize antigens of pathogens. Cytotoxic T cells release proteins that trigger infected cells to undergo apoptosis and/or cytolysis.
Match the barrier defense organ with its defense mechanisms A. vagina B. trachea and bronchi C. skin D. stomach E. mouth select A B C D E 1. villi pushing material outward select A B C D E 2. igA dimers in the saliva select A B C D E 3. low pH, antibodies, and secretions select A B C D E 4. keratinized epithelium and sweat glands select A B C D E 5. extremely low pH and digestive enzymes
4.Which of the following immune responses occurs when a cytotoxic T cell is activated? Note: This is a multiple question, choose the correct answer below: Cytotoxic T cells release histamine molecules that signal the blood vessels to dilate. Cytotoxic T cells release antibodies that neutralize antigens of pathogens. Cytotoxic T cells release proteins that trigger infected cells to undergo apoptosis and/or cytolysis.
7. Macrophages recognize target cells using which of the following? A. MHC class I molecules B. Toll-like receptors C. MHC Class II molecules D. Killer cell inhibitory receptors 8. The defense mechanism carried out by NK çells involves: A. recognition of a specific antigen. B. MHC class II-mediated killing. C. perforin- and granzyme-mediated killing D. phagocytosis. 9. All of the following are considered acute-phase reactants EXCEPT: A. fibrinogen. B. complement. C. C-reactive protein. D D. TNF-alpha
22. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of cell- mediated immunity? a. The cells originate in bone marrow b. Cells are processed in the thymus gland c. The activation of cell-mediated immunity can be suppressed d. They are antigen presenting cells e. All of the above are characteristics of cell-mediated immunity 23. All of the following could be possibly target sites for antimicrobials to limit the possibility of side effects except a. peptidoglycan b. parasitic glycolytic enzymes c. ergosterol C. d. RNA polymerase DNA gyrase e. 24. Lysogeny can result in all of the following EXCEPT a. persistent infections b. a bacteria expressing new genes c. transduction of genes C. d. the turning off of the host cell's transcriptional and translational machinery e. the definite destruction of an infected cell 25. Due to your patient's opsonization of a bacterial cell with C₂B, which of following did NOT occur a. interference of the patient's secondary viral infection b. bacterial cell…
16. Which cell type assist and interact with both humoral and cell-mediated immunity? A. Macrophages B. Cytotoxic T cells C. Memory T cells D. Helper T cells 17. Which of these cells are involved in cell-mediated immunity by destroying virally infected cells and rejecting organ transplants? A. Natural killer cells B. B cells C. Macrophages D. Cytotoxic T cells 18. Identify the junction between an axon and another cell. A. Synapse B. Presypnaptic cell C. Postsypnaptic cell D. Neurotransmitter
7. _ (blank) _ produce antibodies that are released into the bloodstream. Select one: a. B cells b. T cells c. Plasma cells d. Memory cells e. Mast cells 8. What is produced by white blood cells and act to stimulate other white blood cells? Select one: a. Immunoglobulins b. Histamines c. Interferons d. Interleukins e. Complements 9. An important step in the body's second line of defense is to identify the pathogen's _ (blank) _. Select one: a. Antibodies b. Histamines c. Antigens d. Cytokines e. Interferons
21. Name the cells that develop into immunoglobulins. 22. Name common electrolytes found in plasma and then give the function of each. Electrolytes In Plasma Na+ CI- K+ Ca+2 HCO3- Functions Needed for nerve impulses, muscle contractions needed to maintain negative concentration inside cel Needed for nerve impulses and muscle contraction Needed for muscle contraction bone and teeth structure, cell signaling, blood clotting Acts as a buffer
1. Which of the following is true about the clonal selection theory? Select one: a. An antigen selects certain B cells to produce a clone of plasma cells b. An antibody stimulates the multiplication of B cell antigens against it c. T cells select those B cells that should produce antibodies regardless of antigens d. T cells suppress all those B cells except the ones that should divide and multiply e. An antibody selects certain B cells to produce a clone of plasma cells 2. All of the following are functions of the lymphatic system except it does not _(blank) _. Select one: a. Absorb excess fluid and return it to the bloodstream b. Absorb fats c. Produce lymphocytes d. Defend the body against pathogens e. Transport gases throughout the body 3. When a macrophage engulfs a pathogen, a piece of the pathogen is then presented on the macrophage's surface in the _ (blank) _ protein. Select one: a. Self-antigen complex b. Immunoglobulin complex c. Histamine complex d. Cell-mediated…
277. Which of the following best describes the reason that the B cell receptor cannot transduce signals to the inside the cell once it binds antigen? A. The receptor requires twice the amount of antigen to be activated because it contains two sites. antigen binding b. lga is rapidly dephosphorylated c. The cytoplasmic domain of the receptor consists of 3 amino acids. d. Immunoglobulins (Ig) are inflexible molecules