21. Name the cells that develop into immunoglobulins.

Q: 5. Which types of cells can establish the immunological memory necessary for adaptive immunity?…

A: B and T cells can establish the immunological memory necessary for adaptive immunity. B cell…

Q: Alpha and beta Interferons O Kill viruses O Kill bacterial cells O Protect virally infected host…

A: Interferons are signal molecules secreted by infected cells to bring about an immunological action…

Q: Describe the gross anatomy and histology of the lymph nodes, thymus, and spleen?

A: We know that Lymph node, thymus, and spleen are the parts of the immune system of the body. The…

Q: 54.Host defenses: Which substances can activate host cells to produce AVP's, AntiViral Proteins in…

A: Antiviral responses are activated rapidly after viral infection in order to control and prevent…

Q: 33. Give a brief explanation of clonal selection and expansion

A: Clonal selection is a process proposed to explain how a single B or T cell that recogonizes an…

Q: 6. What process generates the millions of different antigen receptors found on B and T cells?

A: Both B cells and T cells have millions of different antigens, the data for which is too much to be…

Q: Name 4 Characteristics of Specific Immunity

A: The Adaptive immune system is a specific immune system and consists of systemic, highly specialized…

Q: What two processes contribute to immune tolerance

A: Introduction: Immune tolerance is the state of being unresponsive to the immunological system and…

Q: 19. The part of the antibody that combines with the antigenic determinants called: O medial region O…

A: According to our guideline we can answer only the first question. So, upload the questions…

Q: 17. The most proinflammatory potent innate immune cytokines are TNF and IL 1 TNF O IL 1 IL 10

A: Cytokines, known as a broad category of small secreted proteins play an important role in cell…

Q: 13. What happens to newly created B and T cells with antigen receptors that happen to match the…

A: A lymphocyte is a type of WBC in the immune system of most vertebrates. These lymphocytes include T…

Q: 8. Where are the antigens that T cells recognize and bind to?

A: Antigen is a substance that enters the body and starts a process that can cause disease. The body…

Q: Name 4 characteristics of the innate immune response

A: The main function of the innate immune response is to y prevent the spread and movement of foreign…

Q: Following a rattlesnake bite, a patient is injected with horse anti-rattlesnake venom, serum. Ten…

A: The hypersensitivity reactions occurs when the body produces undesirable reactions against the…

Q: Activated B-Cells Clustered T-Cells Antigen Antibody

A: Immunoglobulin is made up of two words immune and globulin. The word immuno means immune response…

Q: e the normal immune

A: W know Human body have their own system to protect themselves from harmful bacteria, Viruses which…

Q: List the four classes of immune hypersensitivity and give an example of each.?

A: We know that Some ingested or inhaled antigen can cause severe systemic reaction, resulting in…

Q: 4. Where is the spleen located in the body?

A: The spleen can be defined as the organ of the body that belongs to the lymphatic organ system. The…

Q: 2. Differentiate the different types of immunity. avlevalay rosod

A: Immunity is the capacity of an organism to resist or defend against pathogenic microbes or toxic…

Q: . What part of an antibody binds to antigens? - [ ] Fc domain - [ ] Variable region - [ ] Heavy…

A: Antibodies (Ab), also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are big proteins generated by B-cells that help…

Q: 4. Clinical features of disorders due to the breakdown of immunological tolerance.

A: Disorders due to breakdown of immunological tolerance are also known as autoimmune disorders. These…

Q: 2. There are many theories on how/why some people develop autoimmune disease. In terms of clonal…

A: When the immune system attacks the body's own cells and tissues the  autoimmune disorders develop.…

Q: Contrast the Primary and Secondary Antibody Responses. How do these differences allow for…

A: Antibody response is the reaction between antibodies produced by the immune cells and the antigens…

Q: Illustrate the structure of Immunoglobulins ?

A: The immune system of the body is involved in protecting the body against various pathogens. White…

Q: A tumor develops a mutation which changes the shape of MHCI molecules. This could lead to increased:…

A: The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a tightly linked cluster of genes whose product play a…

Q: 9. After binding to an antigen, T cells activate and differentiate into one of three cell types.…

A: Answer : T cell divided into three types of T cells when bonded with an antigen these are :…

Q: Describe the changes in innate immunity due to immunosenescence.

A: It is our immune system that protects our body against infections and diseases. It regulates wound…

Q: 4. Define adaptive immunity and describe how it differs from innate immunity.

A: Introduction:- Immunity is a complicated biological system with the ability to recognise and accept…

Q: Active as opposed to passive immunity may be acquired by: O having a disease or receiving a vaccine…

A: Immunity:  The presence of antibodies to a disease in a person's system confers immunity against…

Q: It is the first step of the Non-specific host resistance and the immune system itself.

A: Immune system  Immune system is ability of the body to fight with foreign objects like bacteria,…

Q: State immunity        1) Distinguish between absolute immunity and restrictive immunity

A: State immunity, or sovereign immunity as it is normal alluded to, is a guideline of worldwide law…

Q: Discuss 10 factors affecting immune responses.

A: An immune response refers to the coordinated series of physiological processes and mechanisms that…

Q: What is an "antibody repertoire", and why is it important

A: Introduction An antibody is a protein-based element of the immune system that travels through the…

Q: immunosenescence.

A: Immunosenescence refers to the age-associated decline of the immune system which may contribute to…

Q: Define the role of the Thymus in the immune system.

A: The human body consists of various systems one such is an immune system that consists of various…

Q: 25. which of the follwoing are antigen-presenting cells a. mast cells, dendritic cells, and B cells…

A: Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are a heterogeneous group of immune cells. They mediate the cellular…

Q: Contracting the flu virus from a coworker, getting ill, and then having your immun system…

A: When some type of infection or toxins goes into the body of an individual organism than the…

Q: 39. Which of the following will be affected by damage or removal of the spleen?     none of the…

A: Spleen is fit-sized organ in the upper left side of your abdomen which is behind left ribs .Its an…

Q: Describe 4 types of specific immunity

A: Immune system provides immunity or protection against foreign substances by involving specific…

Q: Pathogens have evolved a number of ways to "thwart" adaptive immunity. Describe two mechanisms used…

A: Adaptive immunity Adaptive immunity is defined as immunity that is developed due to an encounter…

Q: Types of immunological tolerance

A: Immunological tolerance is a state in which the immune system does not mount an immune response…

Q: How will you differentiate innate and adaptive immunity?

A: Immunity (the Latin word "immune" means free from burden) is the ability of the body to defend…

Q: system of a patient has a bad reaction to an administered drug, this would be an example of:

A: This question is based on drug interactions and action of drugs.

Q: The complement system is an example of which type of nonspecific defense mechanism of the body? O…

A: The complement defence system of our immune system is a non-specific type of immune system means it…

Defense Mechanism

Circumstances influence and compel people to behave in a certain way. One such behavior is a defense mechanism. It is employed by people to escape from unpleasant circumstances, thoughts and actions. Defense mechanisms are, thus, psychological strategies that help to avert and avoid unwanted feelings such as guilt or shame and situations such as threat and danger.