1. Which changes in chromosome structure cause a change in the total amount of genetic material, and which do not? 2. How does a chromosomal duplication occur?

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
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Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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1. Which changes in chromosome structure cause a change in the
total amount of genetic material, and which do not?
2. How does a chromosomal duplication occur?
3. An inversion heterozygote has the following inverted
chromosome:
B
What would be the products if a crossover occurred between the
genes F and E on the inverted chromosome and the normal
chromosome?
4. An individual has the following reciprocal translocation:
с
D
Centromere
A B JI HGF ED CKLM
Inverted region
с
D
What would be the outcome of alternate segregation, adjacent -1
segregation and adjacent-2 segregation?
5. Two phenotypically unaffected parents produce two children with
familial Down syndrome. Regarding chromosome 14 and 21,
what are the chromosomal composition of the parents?
6. Explain how aneuploidy, deletions and duplications cause
genetic imbalances.
7. Why do you think that deletions and monosomies are more
detrimental than duplications and trisomies?
8. Describe some of the advantages of polyploid plants.
9. What are the consequences of having an odd number of
chromosome sets?
10. Describe three naturally occurring ways that chromosome
number can change.
Transcribed Image Text:1. Which changes in chromosome structure cause a change in the total amount of genetic material, and which do not? 2. How does a chromosomal duplication occur? 3. An inversion heterozygote has the following inverted chromosome: B What would be the products if a crossover occurred between the genes F and E on the inverted chromosome and the normal chromosome? 4. An individual has the following reciprocal translocation: с D Centromere A B JI HGF ED CKLM Inverted region с D What would be the outcome of alternate segregation, adjacent -1 segregation and adjacent-2 segregation? 5. Two phenotypically unaffected parents produce two children with familial Down syndrome. Regarding chromosome 14 and 21, what are the chromosomal composition of the parents? 6. Explain how aneuploidy, deletions and duplications cause genetic imbalances. 7. Why do you think that deletions and monosomies are more detrimental than duplications and trisomies? 8. Describe some of the advantages of polyploid plants. 9. What are the consequences of having an odd number of chromosome sets? 10. Describe three naturally occurring ways that chromosome number can change.
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