Answered: 1. What factors do historians think led…

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Directions:("JUST ANSWER ALL THE QUESTIONS DON'T HAVE TO EXPLAIN AND CAN YOU TRY TO KEEP THE ANSWER SHORT" THANK YOU )!! 1. The Mayan Civilization developed from the cultural influence of the Olmec Civilization and fully emerged by 250 CE, made up of approximately 40 independent city-states in Southern Mexico to Honduras. The Mayan classical age lasted from 250 CE to 900 CE. The decline of the Mayan Civilization began around 800 CE, with the abandonment of many urban centers, and the reasons for the decline are unclear, but could include volcanic activity, warfare, disease, overpopulation, or soil exhaustion. By 900 CE, most Mayan cities were abandoned, and the population lived in villages led by tribal chiefs. 1. What factors do historians think led to the Mayan civilization's decline from an Empire to abandoned cities and tribal villages? 2. The Aztecs built their empire for various reasons, including their religion's demand for human sacrifice, the need to legitimize their rule through successful wars of conquest, and the opportunity for social promotion through capturing prisoners of war. Additionally, their empire provided economic benefits through the collection of tribute from subject peoples, including maize, beans, cotton cloth, jade, gold, and sacrificial victims. 2. Do you think Aztecs were justified in performing human sacrifice, conquest through war and slavery for the purpose of social promotion and religion? Why or why not? 3. The Aztec Empire was facing unrest due to heavy tribute demands when Montezuma II became emperor in 1502 and attempted to institute reforms. However, by the time Hernán Cortés arrived in Mexico in 1519 with 600 conquistadors, the anger among the Aztec subjects was widespread. Cortés was able to use this anger to form alliances with native armies and march towards the Aztec capital, Tenochtitlan. Montezuma may have welcomed Cortés into the city as a possible fulfillment of a prophecy of the return of the god Quetzalcoatl. However, once in the city, the Spanish took Montezuma hostage and began looting the palace. The Aztecs were initially successful in driving the Spanish out but were ultimately defeated due to numerical advantage from native allies, smallpox, steel weapons, horses, war dogs, guns, and armor. The Aztec Empire was defeated by the Spanish in August 1521. 3. How was Hernan Cortez able to use the discord (disagreements/anger) amongst the people in the Aztec Empire to his advantage to conquer the Aztec Empire.

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