1. Suppose that an individual's direct utility function is represented implicitly by:u = ΣΦ, logx-2Φi=1,2where i=α + Bu1+uYi, Oi, and Bi are parameters with Σ a; = B₁ = 1.a) Derive the Hicksian demand and expenditure functions.b) Prove the homogeneity property.c) Use the Shephard's lemma to derive the Hicksian demand functions.

Step-by-Step Solutiona) Derive the Hicksian Demand and Expenditure Functions1. Define the…

Answered: 1. Suppose that an individual's direct…

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

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1. For each of the following scaling functions for a von Neumann-Morgenstern utility func- tion, determine the Marginal Rate of Substitution between X1 and X2 and the equation for an indifference curve through the consumption bundle (100,100) (solve for X2 on the left hand side of the equation). State 1 is the bad outcome that occurs with probability 0.2 and State 2 the good outcome that occurs with probability 0.8. Graph these indif- ference curves and comment on what you see. Is a consumer with these preferences risk averse, risk neutral, or risk loving? (a) V(X) = InX (b) V(X)= VX (c) V(X)= X (d) V(X)= X²
5.6. Bunde's preferences are given by the utility function u(x1, x2) = x1 + X2. For each of the following cases, decompose the price effects into the substitution and income effects using either the Hicks-Allen or Slutsky decompositions. - (a) Suppose m = 120, p₁ = 12, and p2 P1 5, keeping p2 and m fixed. (b) Suppose m = 100, P1 = 20. The price p₁ then falls to = 20, and p2 = 10. The price p₁ then falls to 5, keeping p2 and m fixed.
1. Consider the utility function given by u (x1, x2) = x1x3, and budget constraint given by P1x1 + P2x2 = w. (a) Solve the EMP to find the Hicksian demand function, h (p, u). (b) Find the expenditure function e (p, u). (c) Recover h (p, u) from e (p, u). (d) Noting that the indirect utility function corresponding to the UMP for this form is 4w3 v (P1, P2, w): 27p1p3' demonstrate that v (.) and e (.) are inverses of each other. (e) Using only the indirect utility function above, recover the optimal consumption bundle of the UMP (i.e., Walrasian demand function). (f) Using your answer to (e), identify the substitution effect on the quantity demanded of good 1 of a change in the price of good 1. 1; and consider the Hicksian demand curve for good 1 corresponding to , and Walrasian demand curve for good 1 corresponding to w = 1. At what price and quantity for good 1 do they intersect? Which is steeper at this point of intersection? (g) Assume P2 What does that signify? (h) Using your…
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2) For the following utility functions, using the budget constraint M = Pxx & Pyy, find the compensated (Hicksian) demand functions. Note: For a, minimize expenditure; For b, maximize utility and use the Shepard's Lemma. a) U(x,y) = x0.5 + 2y0.5 b) U (x, y) = min{2x, 5y}
1) Suppose that a person consumes two goods, x and y, in fixed proportions. He or she always consumes 1 unit of x together with 3 units of y no matter what the relative prices are.a) What is the mathematical form for this person's utility function?b) Calculate the Marshallian demand functions for both goods for this person.c) Calculate the indirect utility function and the expenditure function for this person.d) In class we discussed why expenditure functions are concave in prices. Is the expenditure function you calculated in part (c) concave in ???
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4. Maximize utility U = xy subject to 4x+3y=60, where x and y are the two consumption goods, 4 is the price of good x, 3 is the price of good y, and 60 is the budget. a) Set up the Lagrangian objective function. How much is the utility-maximizing consumption bundle? b) Show that the second-order condition/s is/are met (Use |Ħ₂ to identify whether it is a maximum or a minimum). c) What is the maximum utility?
Consider a consumer with indirect utility function v(p, w) = w - B1p1 - B2p2 √P1P2 where 3₁ and 32 are nonnegative constants. (a) Find the consumer's expenditure function. (b) Find the Hicksian and Marshallian demands for Good 1. (c) Find expressions for the substitution and income effects on Good 1 associated with a marginal increase in the price of Good 2. (d) Suppose that the price of good 1 changes from pi to kp₁ where 0 < k < 1. Find the compensating variation of this price change.
3. Consider the following utility function, u (21, x2) = min V#1, Varz), where a > 0 Derive the Marshallian demand functions. (Explain your derivation in details.) Does the Marshallian demand increase with price? Are the two consumption goods normal goods? Show two different ways to derive the Hicksian demand functions. (b) Does the Hicksian demand increase with price?
A utility function is called separable if it can be written as U(x, y) = U (x) + U,(y), where U > 0, U" < 0, and U1, U, need not be the same function. a. What does separability assume about the cross-partial derivative U„? Give an intuitive discussion of what word this condition means and in what situations it might be plausible. b. Show that if utility is separable then neither good can be inferior. c. Does the assumption of separability allow you to con- clude definitively whether x and y are gross substitutes or gross complements? Explain. d. Use the Cobb-Douglas utility function to show that separability is not invariant with respect to monotonic transformations. Note: Separable functions are examined in more detail in the Extensions to this chapter.

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