1. Mineral nutrient, e.g. calcium ion, is a component of the A. lithosphere. B. hydrosphere. C. biosphere. D. atmosphere. E. thermosphere. 2. Which of the following sentences about matter is INCORRECT? I. Molecules, e.g. hydrogen gas, and compounds, e.g. table salt, are classified as matter. II. Matter, e.g. oxygen gas, does not occupy space. III. Diamond, orange juice and oxygen gas are all matter. A. I only B. Il only C. III only D. I and II E. I, II and III 3. Glucose, a form of carbohydrate, is an organic compound because it contains and A. phosphorus and nitrogen B. oxygen and carbon C. nitrogen and carbon D. carbon and hydrogen E. carbon and helium 4. Which of the following is an example of a producer? A. Rabbit B. Pigeon C. Elephant D. Termite E. Agarwood
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are the organic compounds that are obtained in foods and living matters in the shape of sugars, cellulose, and starch. The general formula of carbohydrates is Cn(H2O)2. The ratio of H and O present in carbohydrates is identical to water.
Starch
Starch is a polysaccharide carbohydrate that belongs to the category of polysaccharide carbohydrates.
Mutarotation
The rotation of a particular structure of the chiral compound because of the epimerization is called mutarotation. It is the repercussion of the ring chain tautomerism. In terms of glucose, this can be defined as the modification in the equilibrium of the α- and β- glucose anomers upon its dissolution in the solvent water. This process is usually seen in the chemistry of carbohydrates.
L Sugar
A chemical compound that is represented with a molecular formula C6H12O6 is called L-(-) sugar. At the carbon’s 5th position, the hydroxyl group is placed to the compound’s left and therefore the sugar is represented as L(-)-sugar. It is capable of rotating the polarized light’s plane in the direction anticlockwise. L isomers are one of the 2 isomers formed by the configurational stereochemistry of the carbohydrates.
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