1. Justify the text INSTRUCTIONS 2. Copying and allowing others to copy is strictly prohibited. Anyone caught copying or allowing others to copy will both receive a failing grade for this activity 3. Getting answers from the internet, except for obtaining the original case study, is also prohibited 4. Please follow these instructions accordingly Case Study #1: Mataas na Lupa Tenants Association VS. Carlos Dimayuga et. al L-32049, June 25, 1984 Case Study #2: Philippine National Bank VS. Court of Appeals 74 SCAD 786 (1996) Case Study #3: Santos VS. Court of Appeals L-60210, March 27, 1984 REQUIREMENTS & INSTRUCTIONS FOR A CASE STUDY 1. Case Title: The title includes the names of the parties involved in the case. It typically follows the format of "Plaintiff v. Defendant." 2. Citation: The citation provides the reference information for locating the full text of the case. It includes the volume and page number of the law reports or legal publication where the case was published, along with the jurisdiction. 3. Court and Jurisdiction: This section identifies the court that decided the case and the jurisdiction in which it was heard. It may also mention any lower courts involved in the case. 4. Date: The date indicates when the case was decided by the court. 5. Facts: The facts section provides a brief summary of the relevant background information and events leading up to the legal dispute. It includes the essential facts of the case and any significant details that are relevant to the court's decision. 6. Issues: This section outlines the specific legal questions or issues that the court considered in the case. It identifies the main points of contention or controversy that needed to be resolved. 7. Holding/Decision: The holding or decision summarizes the court's ruling or judgment. It includes the outcome of the case and the court's reasoning or legal principles applied in reaching that decision. 8. Ratio Decidendi: The ratio decidendi refers to the legal principle or rule of law established by the court in its decision. It summarizes the key points of law that are relevant to the case and provides guidance for future cases with similar legal issues. 9. Obiter Dicta: Obiter dicta refers to any additional remarks or comments made by the court that are not directly relevant to the decision but may provide additional insight or commentary on the legal issues involved. 10. Dissenting/Concurring Opinions: In cases where there is a split decision or multiple judges participating, dissenting or concurring opinions may be included. Dissenting opinions present the views of judges who disagree with the majority decision, while concurring opinions are additional opinions that agree with the majority decision but may provide different reasoning or analysis. 11. Significance: This section discusses the importance or significance of the case in legal terms. It may highlight any precedents established or legal principles clarified by the court's decision and explain how the case contributes to the development of the law.

1. Justify the text INSTRUCTIONS 2. Copying and allowing others to copy is strictly prohibited. Anyone caught copying or allowing others to copy will both receive a failing grade for this activity 3. Getting answers from the internet, except for obtaining the original case study, is also prohibited 4. Please follow these instructions accordingly Case Study #1: Mataas na Lupa Tenants Association VS. Carlos Dimayuga et. al L-32049, June 25, 1984 Case Study #2: Philippine National Bank VS. Court of Appeals 74 SCAD 786 (1996) Case Study #3: Santos VS. Court of Appeals L-60210, March 27, 1984 REQUIREMENTS & INSTRUCTIONS FOR A CASE STUDY 1. Case Title: The title includes the names of the parties involved in the case. It typically follows the format of "Plaintiff v. Defendant." 2. Citation: The citation provides the reference information for locating the full text of the case. It includes the volume and page number of the law reports or legal publication where the case was published, along with the jurisdiction. 3. Court and Jurisdiction: This section identifies the court that decided the case and the jurisdiction in which it was heard. It may also mention any lower courts involved in the case. 4. Date: The date indicates when the case was decided by the court. 5. Facts: The facts section provides a brief summary of the relevant background information and events leading up to the legal dispute. It includes the essential facts of the case and any significant details that are relevant to the court's decision. 6. Issues: This section outlines the specific legal questions or issues that the court considered in the case. It identifies the main points of contention or controversy that needed to be resolved. 7. Holding/Decision: The holding or decision summarizes the court's ruling or judgment. It includes the outcome of the case and the court's reasoning or legal principles applied in reaching that decision. 8. Ratio Decidendi: The ratio decidendi refers to the legal principle or rule of law established by the court in its decision. It summarizes the key points of law that are relevant to the case and provides guidance for future cases with similar legal issues. 9. Obiter Dicta: Obiter dicta refers to any additional remarks or comments made by the court that are not directly relevant to the decision but may provide additional insight or commentary on the legal issues involved. 10. Dissenting/Concurring Opinions: In cases where there is a split decision or multiple judges participating, dissenting or concurring opinions may be included. Dissenting opinions present the views of judges who disagree with the majority decision, while concurring opinions are additional opinions that agree with the majority decision but may provide different reasoning or analysis. 11. Significance: This section discusses the importance or significance of the case in legal terms. It may highlight any precedents established or legal principles clarified by the court's decision and explain how the case contributes to the development of the law.