1. Identify the functional group in each of the following molecules. Then give an acceptable name for each molecule. H3C H₂ ~C~0-C-CH3 H₂ H3C-CO-CH2CH3 H2 H2 H₂ C. H3C CH2CH3 H3C H2 OH он
Reactions of Ethers
Ethers (R-O-R’) are compounds formed by replacing hydrogen atoms of an alcohol (R-OH compound) or a phenol (C6H5OH) by an aryl/ acyl group (functional group after removing single hydrogen from an aromatic ring). In this section, reaction, preparation and behavior of ethers are discussed in the context of organic chemistry.
Epoxides
Epoxides are a special class of cyclic ethers which are an important functional group in organic chemistry and generate reactive centers due to their unusual high reactivity. Due to their high reactivity, epoxides are considered to be toxic and mutagenic.
Williamson Ether Synthesis
An organic reaction in which an organohalide and a deprotonated alcohol forms ether is known as Williamson ether synthesis. Alexander Williamson developed the Williamson ether synthesis in 1850. The formation of ether in this synthesis is an SN2 reaction.
![Exercises:
1. Identify the functional group in each of the following molecules. Then give an acceptable
name for each molecule.
H₂
H3C
C-CH3
H₂
H3C-CO-CH2CH3
H₂
H₂
H₂
H3CC-CO
H₂
OH
H3C-NC-CH2CH3
2. Which of the molecules in Exercise 1 will exhibit hydrogen bonding?](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F5d986f81-4890-4b76-b115-5098d9dba09f%2Ffce4da65-4674-4b62-94b4-7a07d80617db%2Fcwznj1_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
![H2
H3C
C'
a.
H3C
OH
H2
3. Predict which compound in each pair would have the higher boiling point. Which forces
account for this difference?
H2 H2 H2 H2
CC
'C'
H2 H2 H2 H2
OH
H₂ HOH
i
H2 H2
II
H3CC
CCH3
b.
H3C
`OH
H2 H2
H2 H2
H2 H2
C.
H3C
O-CH3
H₂C
-C-CH3
4. Examine the molecules in Exercise 3. Choose the term from the following list that
describes the solubility of each molecule in water: soluble, slightly soluble, not soluble.
5. Predict the compound with the higher boiling point. Explain.
a. butane or CH3CH2CH2OH
b. CH3CH₂OCH2CH2CH3 or CH3CH2CH2COOH
C.
H3CH2C H
or
H3C CH3
6. Butanoic acid is found in butter and parmesan cheese. Explain why its boiling point is
much higher (164°C) than ethyl acetate (77°C) despite their molecular weights being
the same.
8
H3CH2CH2C
OH
H3C
O-CH2CH3
Butanoic acid
Ethyl acetate](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2F5d986f81-4890-4b76-b115-5098d9dba09f%2Ffce4da65-4674-4b62-94b4-7a07d80617db%2Fxk03r1_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
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