1. Discuss the structural components of a flexible pavement2. A six lane divided highway is to be designed to replace an existing highway. The presentAADT (both directions) of 6000 vehicles is expected to grow at 5% per year. Assume SN4 and pe = 2.5. The percent of traffic on the design lane is 45%. Determine the designESAL if the design life is 20 years and the vehicle mix is:Passenger cars (4.44KN/axle) = 60%2-axle single unit trucks (22.2kN/axle) = 30%3-axle single unit trucks (31.11KN/axle) = 10%3. The following data is obtained from the axle load survey conducted for 3 days.Axle Load (kN) No. of axlesAve. axle loadLEF = (Li/Lso )* ESAL8030 to 405040 to 506950 to 606660 to 707970 to 8010080 to 909890 to 100111100 to 11078110 to 12068120 to 13078130 to 14051140 to 15056Determine the following:3.1. Average axle load, load equivalent factor (LEF)3.2. Equivalent number of axle loads3.3. 80 kN ESAL repetitions for 3 days3.4. 80 kN ESAL repetitions per year

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Structural Analysis

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337630931

Author:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Publisher:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Chapter2: Loads On Structures

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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section of a two-lane rural highway is to be realigned and replaced by a four-lane highway with a full-depth asphalt pavement. Consists of 40% trucks. If classification studies have shown that the truck factor can be taken as 0.45, design a suitable flexible pavement using the 1993 AASHTO procedure if the AADT on the design lane during the first year of operation is 1000. It is expected that construction will be completed five years from now, and pi =4.5 and pt = 2.5. Growth rate = 4%. Design life = 20 years. The pavement structure will be exposed to moisture levels approaching saturation 20% of the time, and it will take about one week for drainage of water. Effective CBR of the subgrade material is 7. CBR of the base and subbase are 70 (Mr=30000 lb/in2 ) and 22 (Mr=13500 lb/in2 ), respectively, and Mr for the asphalt mixture, 400,000 lb/in2 .
The proposed roadway has the following specifications: 1) rural road 2) design speed = 50 kph 3) radius of curvature = 192m; 4) 3-lane two-way direction 5) use maximum superelevation, emax= 8% Calculate the superelevation rate and coefficient of friction to be implemented in the road design.
Q. 4 a) Why should the effective structural capacity of an existing pavement earmarked for rehabilitation to extend its service life be evaluated? b) The following expression is associated with the use of the Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) on pavements earmarked for rehabilitation. 1.5pa d, = Mg MR %3D E, i. What is the structural transformation required to make the use of the above expression possible? Which parameters in the expression relate to the transformation? I1. Identify the parameters in the expression which are obtained from the FWD test and briefly III. describe how the setup of the test enables those parameters to be obtained. [You may use any relevant expression(s) or equation(s) to support your explanation.]
A six-lane divided highway is to be designed to replace an existing highway. The present AADT (both directions) of 5,300 vehicles is expected to grow at 5 percent per annum. Assume SN = 4 and pt = 2.5. The percent of traffic on the design lane is 45 percent. Determine the design ESAL if the design life is 20 years and the vehicle mix is as follows. (Assume the contribution of passenger car traffic to the total ESAL is negligible. Use single-axle load equivalency factors for 2-axle and 3-axle trucks.) Passenger cars (1,000 lb/axle)=59%2-axle single-unit trucks (5,000 lb/axle)=25%3-axle single-unit trucks (7,000 lb/axle)=16%
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A section of a two-lane rural highway is to be realigned and replaced by a four-lane highway with a full-depth asphalt pavement. The AADT (both ways) on the existing section can be represented by 750 ESAL. It is expected that construction will be completed 5 years from now. If the traffic growth rate is 2 percent and the effective CBR of the subgrade on the new alignment is 9.0, determine a suitable depth of the asphalt pavement (in inches) using the AASHTO method. Take the design life of the pavement as 20 years. The resilient modulus of the asphalt (EAC) is 450,000 lb/in. ². Assume m; for the subgrade is 1 and the percent of traffic on the design lane is 45 percent. Use a reliability level of 90 percent, a standard deviation of 0.45, and a design serviceability loss of 2.0. 8.25 inches
A pavement designer has arrived at a design traffic of 100 million standard axles for a newly developing national highway as per IRC:37 guidelines using the following data: design life = 15 years, commercial vehicle count before pavement construction = 4500 vehicles/day, annual traffic growth rate = 8%. The vehicle damage factor used in the calculation was A B с 1.53 2.24 3.66 D 4.14
A flexible pavement has the following class of loads during a particular hour of the day. i. 80 buses with 2-axles (each axle load of 40 KN); ii. 160 trucks with 2-axles (front and rear axle loads of 40 kN and 80 kN, respectively) The equivalent standard axle load repetitions for this vehicle combination as per IRC: 37-2012 would be
13
A six lane divided highway is being designed for a current AADT of 6000 vehicles with a growth rate of 5% and a design life of 20 years. If the vehicle mix is 60% passenger cars (2 kips), 30% 3-axle single unit truck (12 kips) and 10% 3-axle tandem trailer (30 kips). The pavement has a terminal serviceability index (pt) of 2.5 and Structural Number (SN) of 5. Determine the design ESAL?
A roadway project will be constructed in 2026 as flexible pavement, pt-2.5, expected SN= 4 and has a 20-year design life. Design work was done in 2021, with growth rate of 6%. The traffic survey gives axles loads shown in table above. Find the design ESAL according to AASHTO design method. Truck type Axle Category Type-1 1-single axle of 30 kips 1- tandem axle of 32 kips 1-single axle of 18 kips 2- tandem axle of 40 kips 1-single axle of 20 kips 1- tandem axle of 36 kips 1- tandem axle of 50 kips 2-single axle of 22 kips 1- tandem axle of 38 kips 2-single axle of 38 kips 1- tandem axle of 52 kips 2-single axle of 14 kips 1- tandem axle of 32 kips 1- triple axles of 50 kips 1-single axle of 40 kips 1- tandem axle of 32 kips CS Cams Typer triple axies of 58 kips Type-2 Type-3 Type-4 Type-5 Type-6 % Total AADT 9% 10% 7% 5% 3% 5% 4%

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