1. Crane and Matten define ethical theories as “the______ and principles that determine right and wrong for a given situation.
1. Crane and Matten define ethical theories as “the______ and principles that determine right
and wrong for a given situation.
2. De George (1999) suggests two extremes in locating a place for ethical theory. What are these
two extremes?
a) Normative / instrumental.
b) Moral / immoral.
c) Absolutism/relativism.
d) Religious / non-religious.
3. Consequentialist ethical perspectives base their moral judgment on the motivations
and/or principles of the actors.
a) True
b) False
4. Match the major normative theories of
a) Egoism = Self-interest
b) Utilitarianism = Act or rule utility
c) Ethics of duties = Categorical imperative
d) Rights and justice = Respect for human beings
5. What, according to Theory, are the main problems with utilitarianism? Please select all that apply.
a) Distribution of utility
b) Subjectivity
c) Limited social acceptability
d) Problems of quantification
6. According to John Rawls, justice is achieved when certain tests are met. What are they?
Please select all that apply.
a) Social and economic inequalities are to be arranged so that they benefit the least advantaged
the most. Crane and Matten list this as test 2a.
b) Social and economic inequalities are to be arranged to ensure the greatest good for the
greatest number of people whilst ensuring liberty for all.
c) Each person is to have an equal right to the most extensive total system of basic liberties
compatible with a similar system of liberty for all. Crane and Matten list this as test 1.
d) Inequalities are to be arranged so that they are attached to offices and positions open to all
under conditions of fair equality of opportunity. Crane and Matten list this as test 2b.
7. Crane and Matten define feminist ethics as an approach that prioritises the following
above abstract principles: (Please select all that apply.)
a) Harmonious social relationships
b) Care for one another
c) Attention to the least privileged
d) Avoidance of harm
8. According to Theory, postmodern ethics recommends the following way of deciding what is
right and wrong in a given situation:
a) None of these options is correct.
b) The best way for deciding between right and wrong is for individuals to enter into discussion
with others to generate situational norms.
c) Individuals should always follow the morals of their local communities.
d) Individuals should follow their emotions, inner convictions and gut feelings.
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