1. Change in estimated useful life and residual value. Company XYZ purchases equipment on 1 January 20x6 for $ 42,000 The company uses the straight line method of depreciation, taking a full year's depreciation in the year of acquisition. The equipment has an estimated residual value of $8,000.00 and an estimated useful life of 4 years. In 20x7, the company decides that the machine really has an origional total life of 5 years and a residual value of $ 7,000.00 How much is the depreciation expense for 20x7? Solution:
1. Change in estimated useful life and residual value. Company XYZ purchases equipment on 1 January 20x6 for $ 42,000 The company uses the straight line method of depreciation, taking a full year's depreciation in the year of acquisition. The equipment has an estimated residual value of $8,000.00 and an estimated useful life of 4 years. In 20x7, the company decides that the machine really has an origional total life of 5 years and a residual value of $ 7,000.00 How much is the depreciation expense for 20x7? Solution:
Chapter1: Financial Statements And Business Decisions
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Depreciation Methods
The word "depreciation" is defined as an accounting method wherein the cost of tangible assets is spread over its useful life and it usually denotes how much of the assets value has been used up. The depreciation is usually considered as an operating expense. The main reason behind depreciation includes wear and tear of the assets, obsolescence etc.
Depreciation Accounting
In terms of accounting, with the passage of time the value of a fixed asset (like machinery, plants, furniture etc.) goes down over a specific period of time is known as depreciation. Now, the question comes in your mind, why the value of the fixed asset reduces over time.
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1. Change in estimated useful life and residualvalue. Company XYZ purchases equipment on 1 January 20x6 for
3
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$
42,000 The company uses the straight line method of depreciation, taking a full year's depreciation in the year
5 of acquisition. The equipment has an estimated residual value of
$8,000.00 and an estimated useful life of
4 years. In 20x7, the company decides that the machine really has an origional total life of
5 years and
7 a residual value of
$ 7,000.00
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How much is the depreciation expense for 20x7?
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11 Solution:
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18 2. Retrospective change in accounting policy. A private company changes its method of accounting for long term
19 construction contracts from the percentage of completion method (PC) to the compelted contract method (CC) in 20x7.
20 The years affected by the change, and incomes under both methods, appear below (ignore income tax)
21
22 Year
23 20x5
24 20x6
25 20x7
PC
$
450 $
225
275
160
650
750
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27 If the financial statements for 20x6 and 20x7 are shown comparatively, what is the amount of the accounting policy adjustments to the 1 January
28 balance of retained earnings for 20x6 and 20x7?
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30 Solution:
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38 3. Error correction and retrospective adjustment. A company purchases a delivery truck for
39 They expect to use the truck for only
40 straight line depreciation with a full year of depreciation taken in the first year, but neglects to record any depreciation in 20x6. Rather
41 the accountant charges the entire cost to delivery expense in 20x6. The company's controller discovers the error in late 20x7.
$
17,000 on 1 January 20x6.
3 years and then sell it for
$
8,500 The accountant is instructed to use
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43 Provide the 20x7 entries to record depreciation and the error correction, and indicate the amounts of the cumulative retrospective adjsutment to opening
44 retained earnings appearing in the 20x6 and 20x7 comparative retained statements. Ignore income tax.
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46 Solution:
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58 4. Error correction, retrospective adjustment, and compartive statements. On 1 July 20x7, a full year's insurance of
59 1 July 20x7 through 30 June 20x8, was paid and debited to insurance expense. Assume:
* the company uses a claendar fiscal year
* Retained earnings at 1 January 20x7 is
62 *No adjusting entry for insurance is made on 31 December 20x7
63 *Reported earnings for 20x7 (in error) is
64 * Earnings for 20x8 is
65 * Earnings for 20x9 is
66 * there is no income tax
$
4,200 covering the period
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$
30,000
$
33,900
$
$
35,000
(assuming that the error has not been discovered)
42,000
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68 List the effect of the error on relevant accounts, and earnings, in 20x7 and 20x8
69 Prepare the entry to record the error if it was discovered in 20x7
70 Prepare the entry to record the error if it was discovered in 20x8, and prepare the 20x7 and 20x8 comparative retained earnings statements. The amount is deemed material.
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