1. Answer BOTH parts of this question Calcium ion movements within a cardiac myocyte are tightly controlled and crucial to the proper functioning of these cells. One of the mechanisms by which a cardiac myocyte controls the intracellular concentration of calcium is the Na/Ca exchanger. Explain: (a) How the Na/Ca exchanger works in Forward mode (2 marks) (b) How the Na/Ca exchanger works in Reverse Mode (3 marks) 2. An experimental pharmacotherapy for the treatment of Parkinson's Disease is called Prosavin. Explain how this treatment is delivered and what the therapeutic agent(s) involved is/are and what they do? 3. Answer ALL parts of this question relating to the allergic response (a) Name three different causes of allergy (5 marks) (3 marks) (b) What is the antibody primarily involved in an allergic reaction (1 mark) (c) What is the most common cell type that becomes activated? (1 mark) 4. Answer BOTH parts of this question relating to organ transplantation (a) Name four different types of transplant and define them (4 marks) (b) Which type is the one that we would use most commonly? (1 mark) Continued...

1. Answer BOTH parts of this question Calcium ion movements within a cardiac myocyte are tightly controlled and crucial to the proper functioning of these cells. One of the mechanisms by which a cardiac myocyte controls the intracellular concentration of calcium is the Na/Ca exchanger. Explain: (a) How the Na/Ca exchanger works in Forward mode (2 marks) (b) How the Na/Ca exchanger works in Reverse Mode (3 marks) 2. An experimental pharmacotherapy for the treatment of Parkinson's Disease is called Prosavin. Explain how this treatment is delivered and what the therapeutic agent(s) involved is/are and what they do? 3. Answer ALL parts of this question relating to the allergic response (a) Name three different causes of allergy (5 marks) (3 marks) (b) What is the antibody primarily involved in an allergic reaction (1 mark) (c) What is the most common cell type that becomes activated? (1 mark) 4. Answer BOTH parts of this question relating to organ transplantation (a) Name four different types of transplant and define them (4 marks) (b) Which type is the one that we would use most commonly? (1 mark) Continued...

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Determine an unknown concentration or volume using an acid-base titration. Calculate the volume of 0.114 M calcium hydroxide required to neutralize 19.4 mL of a 0.240 M nitric acid solution. mL Alpha-numeric input field Check & Submit Answer Show Approach It is often important to have an accurate concentration of an acid or base solution. With standardization, another type of acid-bas titration, the concentration of an acid or base is determined accurately by the use of either a primary standard or another solution w concentration has already been determined. A primary standard is an acid or base that can be obtained in a very pure form, such a potassium hydrogen phthalate, KHC;H4O4 (often abbreviated KHP), or sodium carbonate, Na2 CO3. The steps involved in standardization calculations are very similar to other acid-base titration calculations, as shown in the following example. tv A hulu W 四)
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Experiment: Determination of the dissociation constant and concentration of a weak acid
pH pH = 4.389 pH = 4.874 = pH = 5.339 pKa Answer Bank Using the equation to calculate the quotient [AT]/[HA] at three different pH values. [A] [HA] + log [A-] [HA] [A-] [HA] = = = LA I [HA] 1 0.3273
Determination of unknown acid concentration Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Unknown Acid number Volume of acid used (mL) 25 mL 25 mL 25 mL Initial buret reading (mL) 50 mL 50 mL 50 mL Final buret reading (mL) 14.8 mL 15 mL 14.5 mL Volume of NaOH used (mL) 50 mL 50 mL 50 mL Molarity of NaOH Calculated molarity of HCl (M) Show a sample calculation of HCl molarity AVERAGE MOLARITY OF Unknown HCl Show a sample calculation of NaOH molarity
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Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Initial burette reading (mL) 2.29 1.41 1.95 Molarity of NaOH (M) 0.100 0.100 0.100 Volume of vinegar sample (mL) 5.00 5.00 5.00 Final burette reading (mL) 50.37 49.39 49.84 Table 2. Titration data Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Initial burette reading (mL) 2.29 1.41 1.95 Molarity of NaOH (M) 0.100 0.100 0.100 Volume of vinegar sample (mL) 5.00 5.00 5.00 Final burette reading (mL) 50.37 49.39 49.84 Expected color at end point Volume of NaOH used (mL) 48.08 47.98 47.89 Compute for the ff: a. Average moles of acetic acid (mol)? b. Average molarity of acetic acid (M)? c. Average molarity of acetic acid (M)?
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