1.(9 pts) Draw the structures of the following molecules:a.A glucose molecule (3 pts)2.b. A dipeptide (two amino acids joined with a peptide bond; 3 points)C.A phospholipid (3 points)(4.5 pts) Draw and label the outer structure of a gram negative bacterial cell. Be sure to include:a. plasma membraneb. peptidoglycan layerc. core-polysaccharided. o-polysaccharidee. lipid Af.LPSg. porinsh. periplasmic spacei.outer membrane

1.) Draw the Structure oft he following moleculesa.) A glucose molecule b.) draw the structure of…

Answered: 1. (9 pts) Draw the structures of the…

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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18. For each of the following structures, write E if the structure is found in some or all Eukarya, write B if the structure is found in some or all Bacteria. Some of these structures may be found in organisms of more than one domain so write in ALL correct answers. 2 10 lysosomes cell wall composed of peptidoglycan ribosomes plasma membrane composed of a lipid bilayer containing phospholipids nucleoid smooth endoplasmic reticulum flagella mitochondria cilia cytosol (cytoplasm)
1. The cells of a celery stick have a salt concentration of 1% and a nucleic acid concentration of 4%. The celery stick is placed into a glass of salt water solution. The solution contains a salt concentration of 0.6% and a nucleic acid concentration of 6%. The salt can pass through the membrane, but the mucleic acids cannot. a) Describe the movement of the ions and the end results. Use appropriate terminology to explain your answer. b) Draw a labeled diagram of the movement of water (assume that only the substances mentioned can influence the movement of water).
3. The cell membrane (abbreviated CM due to space constraints) and cytoplasm of part of the indicated types of bacterial cells is shown below. Sketch and label the following structures (if present) on the appropriate cell membrane(s): cell wall, outer membrane, periplasm, LPS, teichoic acid, mycolic acid, porin. (Hint: refer to the close-up, cross-section Cell Envelope diagrams in the Cells Powerpoint or reading.) CM Cytoplasm Gram negative CM Cytoplasm Gram positive CM Cytoplasm Acid-fast
Mild, non-ionic detergents (like Triton X-100, with polar but uncharged regions that do not denatureproteins) would be required for separation of which of the following proteins from cell membranes?A. monolayer-associated proteinsB. lipid-linked proteinsC. transmembrane proteinsD. integral proteinsE. peripheral proteins
6. A carrot, when dried out, becomes soft. There is a way to make it firm and crisp. Explain how and why, using the following guidelines. a) Draw and label a representative cell of the carrot, in its dried state. Be precise in your drawing. b)Describe the type of extracellular solution that is appropriate to add to make the desired change (name and define what type of solution, the net movements of solvent and solutes, etc.). c)Draw a representative cell of the carrot, in its possible state after the change. Represent the movement of water using an arrow to indicate what has happened.
7. Give an example of a situation where BIP would be expected to bind your made up protein in the cell 8. Give an example of a protein transport system that moves folded proteins across membranes 9. How does the cell achieve unidirectional transport of proteins into the nucleus? BASE ON PROTEIN
2. What shapes result from secondary structure: a) β- helix & α-sheets b) α-helix and β-sheets c) ɗ-bilayers & β-domains d) µ-folds
2. Use the following vocabulary to label and draw a cell membrane: cytoplasm (cell lumen) extra-cellular fluid hydrophobic hydrophilic polar head non-polar tails a) How many O-H groups are there? And are the O-H areas of sucrose polar or non-polar? b) What is the term that is used to discuss how tightly or loosely an atom's nucleus has a hold of its valence electrons? c) Do you think any water molecules move in the opposite direction of the arrow? Explane your answer in detail.
3. The diagram to the right depicts a cell submerged in a solution. The cell membrane is permeable to water but not to sugar. Start by completing the % concentrations of water of the intracellular and extracellular solutions. a) What is the cytosol in this example? (circle the correct term below) hypotonic hypertonic isotonic b) How do you know? 30% Sugar % Water d) Predict: What is going to happen to the size(mass) of the cell? 60% Sugar % Water c) Because the solutions are not isotonic, osmosis is going to occur. In what direction is water going to move? e) Predict: What is going to happen to the extracellular solute concentration?
16. According to the fluid mosaic model of cell membranes, which of the following is a true statement about membrane phospholipids? A. They can move laterally along the plane of the membrane. 8. They frequently flip-flop from one side of the membrane to the other. C. They occur in an uninterrupted bilayer, with membrane proteins restricted to the surface of the membrane. 17 D. They are free to depart from the membrane and dissolve in the surrounding solution. E. They have hydrophilic tails in the interior of the membrane.
1. The Size of Cells and Their Components A typical eukaryotic cell has a cellular diameter of 50 μm. a. If you used an electron microscope to magnify this cell 10,000-fold, how big would the cell appear? b. If this cell were a liver cell (hepatocyte) with the same cellular diameter, how many mitochondria could the cell contain? Assume the cell is spherical; that the cell contains no other cellular components; and that each mitochondrion is spherical, with a diameter of 1.5 µm. (The volume of a sphere is ¹/3ær³.) c. Glucose is the major energy-yielding nutrient for most cells. Assuming a cellular concentration of 1 mè glucose (that is, 1 millimole/L), calculate how many molecules of glucose would be present in the spherical eukaryotic cell. (Avogadro's number, the number of molecules in 1 mol of a nonionized substance, is 6.02 × 10²³.)
10. As described by the fluid mosaic model, biological membranes contain not only phospholipids but also a variety of other molecules, particularly proteins. The overarching question I want you to consider is how proteins are structured to fulfill their interactions with and functions in cell membranes. A. First, let's just consider a single-pass transmembrane protein, which has just a single region (also called domain) crossing through the phospholipid bilayer, as diagrammed to the right. Describe which regions of this transmembrane protein are likely to be hydrophilic vs. hydrophobic. B. Briefly explain the reasoning for your responses. Outside of cell (aqueous) Inside of cell (aqueous)

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