(1) Which of the following statements about fatty acid synthesis is true? (A) When acetyl CoA accumulates, it is shuttled from the cytoplasm to the mitochondria to serve as the precursor to form fatty acids. (B) Acetyl CoA that is shuttled into the cytoplasm must be reconverted to citrate before it can be activated for fatty acid synthesis. (C) Every cytoplasmic acetyl CoA that is formed as a precursor for fatty acid synthesis requires the hydrolysis of (1) ATP. (D) Fatty acid synthesis requires (1) NADPH per round of elongation. (E) The NADPH reducing equivalents used for fatty acid elongation are generated from the pentose phosphate pathway and during the ATP-citrate lyase reaction.
(1) Which of the following statements about fatty acid synthesis is true? (A) When acetyl CoA accumulates, it is shuttled from the cytoplasm to the mitochondria to serve as the precursor to form fatty acids. (B) Acetyl CoA that is shuttled into the cytoplasm must be reconverted to citrate before it can be activated for fatty acid synthesis. (C) Every cytoplasmic acetyl CoA that is formed as a precursor for fatty acid synthesis requires the hydrolysis of (1) ATP. (D) Fatty acid synthesis requires (1) NADPH per round of elongation. (E) The NADPH reducing equivalents used for fatty acid elongation are generated from the pentose phosphate pathway and during the ATP-citrate lyase reaction.
Biochemistry
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ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
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Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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Transcribed Image Text:(1) Which of the following statements about fatty acid synthesis is true?
(A) When acetyl CoA accumulates, it is shuttled from the cytoplasm to the mitochondria to serve as
the precursor to form fatty acids.
(B) Acetyl CoA that is shuttled into the cytoplasm must be reconverted to citrate before it can be
activated for fatty acid synthesis.
(C) Every cytoplasmic acetyl CoA that is formed as a precursor for fatty acid synthesis requires the
hydrolysis of (1) ATP.
(D) Fatty acid synthesis requires (1) NADPH per round of elongation.
(E) The NADPH reducing equivalents used for fatty acid elongation are generated from the pentose
phosphate pathway and during the ATP-citrate lyase reaction.
(2) Anabolic reactions like fatty acid synthesis are inherently endergonic and require exergonic driving
forces to proceed forward. Which of the following statements correctly describes the thermodynamics
at play in the substrate activation step of fatty acid synthesis and the importance of this step in
downstream elongation of the fatty acid chain?
(A) Acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC1) provides free energy that powers the carboxylation of acetyl CoA
to form malonyl CoA.
(B) The formation of malonyl CoA is powered by the exergonic carboxylation of acetyl COA.
(C) The formation of a B-ketoacyl ACP in the first step of fatty acid synthesis is driven forward
because B-ketoacyl synthase hydrolyzes ATP.
(D) The addition of two carbons to the growing fatty acid chain is powered by malonyl ACP
decarboxylation.
(E) Decarboxylation of malonyl ACP is exergonic and the free energy that is released is coupled to
ATP synthesis.
Transcribed Image Text:(3) Experiments performed in the 1950s to study fatty acid synthesis utilized cells containing
radiolabeled 14C bicarbonate add to the cytosol. Insulin was added to the cells to stimulate fatty acid
synthesis, and after a set amount of time, scientists assayed for the incorporation of 14C into various
molecules. Where did the scientists find the 14C?
(A) free floating in the cytoplasm
(B) free floating in the mitochondria
(C) incorporated into palmitate (C16) in the cytoplasm
(C) incorporated into palmitate (C16) in the mitochondria
(E) incorporated into acetyl CoA in the mitochondria
(4) During the process of synthesizing fatty acids, the B-hydroxyacyl ACP intermediate
Choose ALL that apply.
(A) is dehydrated to form a trans A2-enoyl ACP
(B) is reduced by NADPH
(C) is a substrate for enoyl reductase
(D) is condensed with a malonyl CoA to form a Cn+2 B-ketoacyl ACP
(E) is a product of B-ketoacyl reductase
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