1) The junctions of the square grid shown below were levelled to determine the volume of excavation necessary in the construction of a basement floor. The reduced levels of the grid points are as shown. X X X 185.67 186.22 187.34 187.45 188.00 X X X 186.33 187.03 187.22 187.56 187.90 X X X 186.64 186.98 187.44 X X 187.08 187.35 187.89 187.34 187.43 X X 187.24 187.46 188.02 187.93 187.26 The horizontal distance between the grid points is 20 m and the required formation level of the basement floor foundations is to be 178.00 m. Calculate the volume of the excavation within the grid area.

Q: 2. What FS reading is required to establish the correct excavation depth? EL= 120.532 EL = 290.667…

A:

Q: Q#1: A profile levelling is carried out and consecutive readings were observed on staff rod along a…

A: Using the following formulae: RL+BS=HI HI-(IS/FS)=RL BS-IS=Rise/Fall Previous RL±Rise/Fall=Next RL

Q: Given: Two stations 115+00 and 116+00. The coordinates for these stations are given in Fig 11-15.…

A: station 1 s1=115+00station 2 s2= 116+00A1=170ft2A2=101.25ft2

Q: b. The surveyor's first reading was to TBM 41 with reading 5.76, she then took the following…

A: First Reading at TBM 41 =5.76 Last Reading at TBM 41 =5.77 Assume the elevation of TBM 41 =100

Q: Calculate the area between the sidewalk/proposed surface and the existing surface shown by the…

A:

Q: From the following cross-section notes, complete the table below. Use prismoidal method. Road bed…

A:

Q: 14.15 A concrete-lined trapezoidal channel has to be constructed to carry a discharge of 500 cfs.…

A: Given; Discharge,Q=500cfs Bed slope=0.002 n=0.015 Side slope,z=1:1.5 b/y=2.0

Q: 25. Inclinometers are most often located behind an SOE. An inclinometer zero reference point is…

A: Inclinometers are commonly used in construction projects to monitor soil movement and stability…

Q: Question 2. Below shown is the profile for a road construction at a station. This is a fill section.…

A: Find: Fill section area

Length and Length related Variables

Length can de defined as the measurement or extent of physical quantities or objects from one terminal to another terminal. Stone age humans used finger length, step length, and so on to measure the size or displacement of an object. Nowadays, depending on how precise the measurement requires to be and the object’s size is measured, we use measuring devices for measurements like rulers and steel tape. Most people have used a ruler or tape measure to measure a particular distance or the size of an object. For more precise measurements of tiny objects, the development of measurement tools such as the Vernier caliper, which permits us to measure dimensions within 1/1000 of an inch. In the last few decades, electronic distance measuring instruments (EDMI) have been implemented that permit us to measure distances from a few feet to many miles with reasonable accuracy.