04: For pea plant, yellow seeds coat are dominant over green seed coat, and long stems are dominant over short stem. Determine the phenotype and genotype rations of the F1 offspring from cross-pollination of a heterozygous yellow seed coat, a homozygous long stem plant.

A scientist pollinates a true-breeding pea plant with violet, terminal flowers with pollen from a true- breeding pea plant with white, axial flowers. Which of the following observations would most accurately describe the F2 generation? 75% violet flowers; 75% terminal flowers 75% white flowers in a terminal position 75% violet flowers; 75% axial flowers 75% violet flowers in an axial position

More Crosses with Pea Plants: The Principle of Independent Assortment In pea plants, long stems are dominant to short stems, purple flowers are dominant to white, and round peas are dominant to wrinkled. Each trait is determined by a single, different gene. A plant that is heterozygous at all three loci is self-crossed, and 2,048 progeny are examined. How many of these plants would you expect to be long stemmed with purple flowers, producing wrinkled peas?

More Crosses with Pea Plants: The Principle of Independent Assortment Two traits are examined simultaneously in a cross of two pure-breeding pea-plant varieties. Pod shape can be either swollen or pinched. Pea color can be either green or yellow. A plant with the traits swollen and green is crossed with a plant with the traits pinched and yellow, and a resulting F1 plant is self-crossed. A total of 640 F2 progeny are phenotypically categorized as follows: 360 swollen yellow 120 swollen green 120 pinched yellow 40 pinched green a. What is the phenotypic ratio observed for pod shape? Pea color? b. What is the phenotypic ratio observed for both traits considered together? c. What is the dominance relationship for pod shape? Pea color? d. Deduce the genotypes of the P1 and F1 generations.

The gene for flower position in pea plants exists as axial or terminal alleles. Given that axial is dominant to terminal, list all of the possible F1 and F2 genotypes and phenotypes from a cross involving parents that are homozygous for each trait. Express genotypes with conventional genetic abbreviations.

More Crosses with Pea Plants: The Principle of Independent Assortment Consider the following cross in pea plants, in which smooth pea shape is dominant to wrinkled, and yellow pea color is dominant to green. A plant with smooth yellow peas is crossed to a plant with wrinkled green peas. The offspring produced peas that were all smooth and yellow. What are the genotypes of the parents? What are the genotypes of the offspring?

More Crosses with Pea Plants: The Principle of Independent Assortment Consider the following cross: P1: AABBCCDDEE aabbccddee F1: AaBbCcDdEe (self-cross to get F2) What is the chance of getting an AaBBccDdee individual in the F2 generation?

Which is one of the seven characteristics that Mendel observed in pea plants? flower size seed texture leaf shape stem color

More Crosses with Pea Plants: The Principle of Independent Assortment Determine the possible genotypes of the following parents by analyzing the phenotypes of their children. In this case, we will assume that brown eyes (B) is dominant to blue (b) and that right-handedness (R) is dominant to left-handedness (r). a. Parents: brown eyes, right-handed brown eyes, right-handed Offspring: 3/4 brown eyes, right-handed 1/4 blue eyes, right-handed b. Parents: brown eyes, right-handed blue eyes, right-handed Offspring: 6/16 blue eyes, right-handed 2/16 blue eyes, left-handed 6/16 brown eyes, right-handed 2/16 brown eyes, left-handed c. Parents: brown eyes, right-handed blue eyes, left-handed Offspring: 1/4 brown eyes, right-handed 1/4 brown eyes, left-handed 1/4 blue eyes, right-handed 1/4 blue eyes, left-handed

More Crosses with Pea Plants: The Principle of Independent Assortment In the following trihybrid cross, determine the chance that an individual could be phenotypically A, b, C in the F1 generation. P1: AaBbCc AabbCC