. EVOLUTION CONNECTION The success of some viruses lies intheir ability to evolve rapidly within the host. Such viruses evadethe host’s defenses by mutating and producing many alteredprogeny viruses before the body can mount an attack. Thus, theviruses present late in infection differ from those that initiallyinfected the body. Discuss this as an example of evolution inmicrocosm. Which viral lineages tend to predominate?

. EVOLUTION CONNECTION The success of some viruses lies intheir ability to evolve rapidly within the host. Such viruses evadethe host’s defenses by mutating and producing many alteredprogeny viruses before the body can mount an attack. Thus, theviruses present late in infection differ from those that initiallyinfected the body. Discuss this as an example of evolution inmicrocosm. Which viral lineages tend to predominate?

Concepts of Biology

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168116

Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Publisher:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Chapter17: The Immune System And Disease

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2ACQ: Figure 17.6 Influenza virus is packaged in a viral envelope, which fuses with the plasma membrane....

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Viruses are obligatory parasites. When bacteriophages infect a cell, there would be two possible outcomes regarding the fate of that bacterium. Can you describe the structures and life cycles of the T-even bacteriophage in detail?
Figure 17.6 Influenza virus is packaged in a viral envelope, which fuses with the plasma membrane. This way, the virus can exit the host cell without killing it. What advantage does the virus gain by keeping the host cell alive?
Biology of Herpes Virus – what types of structures do they have?What disease they cause – what is the name of the disease, who do they infect, how do theyinfect, what symptoms they cause, and how we treat them? Why should we care about them – are infections on the rise due to something that has changed, is the infection hard to treat with what we have available (antibiotics, vaccines, antiviral drugs), has the microbe mutated to become more dangerous?
Which of the following components of a virus is NOT encoded by its own genome? O capsid of HIV O lipid bilayer of HIV envelope O spike glycoproteins of HIV envelope O anchoring structures of bacteriophage
Viruses are also a type of microbe, yet theyare not cells. Viruses consist of a moleculeof nucleic acid (RNA or DNA) surrounded byprotein. They must enter other organisms’cells and use their molecules and machineryto replicate themselves. Why aren’t antibioticsprescribed for viral infections?
Several negative-strand viruses carry their genomeas a set of discrete RNA segments. Examples include influ-enza virus (eight segments), Rift Valley fever virus (threesegments), Hantavirus (three segments), and Lassa virus(two segments), to name a few. Why does segmentation ofthe genome provide a strong evolutionary advantage forthese viruses?
Coronaviridae is a virus “family.” There are actually many different coronaviruses within this group, including less pathogenic virus strains that cause the common cold. Many people in this course have likely been infected with one of these other coronaviruses. A common feature of coronaviruses and other RNA viruses (think influenza virus, HIV, etc.) is that they mutate frequently. This is because the viral enzymes that copy the genome during replication can’t fix mistakes. Given this information, how might we be able to distinguish the SARS-CoV-2 strain from some of the other, less concerning, coronavirus strains?
Rhinovirus, the most common cause of colds, do not have a lipid envelope. Compared to enveloped viruses these and other nonenveloped viruses tend to remain infectious outside the body longer, are more likely to be spread by contact with surfaces, and are likely to be rendered harmless by exposure to hand sanitizer or hand washing. Explain how the lack of an envelope could contribute to these characteristics.
Match the terms 1Genome surrounded by a protein coat 2Functional viral particle capable to infect a new host cell 3Infectious protein 4Infectious agent that needs helper virus for infection 5T4 enzyme that creates holes in the E. coli plasma membrane 6When a temperate phage stimulates their bacterial host tostart producing a toxin (e.g. cholera, shiga) 7Virus that infects bacteria 8Hand N spikes 9Virus without an envelope 10Most common and best studies virulent phage of E. coli 11Protein coat that surrounds viral genome 12:true or false : some viruses can cause cancer [ Choose ] lambda True pathogenic stimulation False Nucleocapsid lysosome Naked virus induction lysozyme Flu viruses tobacco mosaic virus lysogeny capsid Lysogenic conversion Holin Prion satellite bacteriophage (or just phage) T4 Virion Streptococcus
produce a diagram of the replication of a viral genome of stranded RNA simple [+] and mRNA production via Reverse Transcriptase. Produce a diagram of the replication and early maturation of a virus wrapped Produce a diagram of the replication and early maturation of a virus naked. Produce a diagram of the release of an enveloped virus by budding.
A virus that typically forms an envelope is now being prevented from budding out of the host cell. Would this virus still be considered infectious? Why or why not? Please explain in detail.
of Poxviruses are unusual among DNA viruses because their replication cycles takes place entirely in the host cell cytoplasm. How can these viruses carry out genome replication and transcription of viral genes without going to the nucleus? Briefly explain. Edit View Insert Format Tools Table 20px v Paragraph v へへヘ .V8:11 EEO 1I0 & %24 9 6 n d k 4