. 2. Using photographs of people as stimuli, you want to see if smiling people are perceived as more intelligent than people who are not smiling. 3. In a field experiment, you want to se
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Discussion: For each of the following topics, list the pros and cons of a between-
subjects and within-subjects design and decide which would be better.
1. You want to test the relative effectiveness of two training programs for
running a marathon.
2. Using photographs of people as stimuli, you want to see if smiling people are
perceived as more intelligent than people who are not smiling.
3. In a field experiment, you want to see if the way a panhandler is dressed
(neatly vs. sloppily) affects whether or not passersby give him any money.
4. You want to see if concrete nouns (e.g., dog) are recalled better than abstract
nouns (e.g., truth).
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- Recent research indicates that the effectiveness of antidepressant medication is directly related to the severity of the depression (Khan, Brodhead, Kolts & Brown, 2005). Based on pretreatment depression scores, patients were divided into four groups based on their level of depression. After receiving the antidepressant medication, depression scores were measured again and the amount of improvement was recorded for each patient. The following data are similar to the results of the study.Run the single-factor ANOVA for this data: LowModerate HighModerate ModeratelySevere Severe 3 2.7 3.4 4.6 2.1 1.6 3.6 3.5 2.4 2.4 2.8 3.1 1.8 2 3.1 2.5 2.2 2.2 3.4 3.4 0 2.3 4.7 3.1 Fill in the summary table for the ANOVA test: S.S. d.f. M.S. Between Within TOTAL From this table, obtain the necessary statistics for the ANOVA:F-ratio: p-value: η2= What is your final conclusion? Use a significance level of α=0.01. There is a significant…Ice cream has been erroneously reported to cause shark attacks. However, better research studies highlight that both increases in ice cream consumption and shark attacks are actually caused by high temperatures in the summer months. Which of the following describes high temperatures as it related to ice cream consumption and shark attacks? It is a mediator. It is a confounder. It is the outcome variable. It is the dependent variable.As you read about each study, (a) classify the type of research that it reflects, and (b) identify the kinds of conclusions that might reasonably be drawn from the results. During their 8th- and 11th-grade school years, students in the Ranger School District take standardized achievement tests designed to assess their language and math skills. The superintendent receives a report showing how Ranger students compare with those in many other school districts across the nation. The superintendent discusses the results with the school principals. (a) Classify the research as one of the following: Quantitative/descriptive Quantitative/correlational Quantitative/experimental Quantitative/quasi-experimental Qualitative Mixed methods, and then (b) Identify one or more conclusions that might reasonably be drawn from this study and, if relevant, one or more conclusions that cannot be drawn from the study
- Consider the following scenario and answer the questions below: The ornithologist decided to investigate the effect of temperature on the migration of North American birds. Develop a hypothesis in the appropriate format. Identify the independent variable. Identify the dependent variable. Plan an investigation (what would she do to collect data?). Did she engage in basic science or applied science? Explain. Did she engage in inductive or deductive reasoning? ExplainANOVA. Dr. Milgramm is conducting a patient satisfaction survey, rating how well her patients like her on a scale of 1-10. Her patients tend to fall into three categories: “Like a lot”, “like somewhat”, and “dislike a lot”. She believes that she might get different satisfaction scores from people in each group, but (because she's not great at numbers) she wants you to do an ANOVA to be sure. She has collected data from 12 patients (three equal groups) with the following results. Group 1) “Like a lot” Mean: 8 SS: 2 N: df: Group 2) “Like somewhat” Mean: 5 SS: 6 N: df: Group 3) “Dislike a lot” Mean: 2 SS: 4 N: df: Grand Mean: df Within-Group:__________ df Between-Groups:___________ Estimated Variance (S21) for Group 1: _______ Estimated Variance (S22) for Group 2: ___________ Estimated…The relative effectiveness of two different sales techniques was tested on 12 volunteer housewives. Each housewife was exposed to each sales technique and asked to buy a certain product, the same product in all cases. At the end of each exposure, each housewife rated the technique with a 1 if she felt she would have agreed to buy the product and a 0 if she probably would not have bought the product. Tech 1 2 3 4 1 1 1 2 0 1 1 1 1 0 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 Housewife 0 0 0 0 0 Test Ho: P₁=p₂ versus H₂: P₁ P₂ Use large sample approximations and compare results. 0 0 1 1 1 0 11 12 01 0 1 a) Use Cochran's test b) Rearrange the data and use McNemar's test c) use Fischer exact test d)Ignore the blocking effect in this experiment and treat the data as if 24 difference housewives were used.
- You may need to use the appropriate technology to answer this question. Periodically, customers of a financial services company are asked to evaluate the company's financlal consultants and services. Higher ratings on the client satisfaction survey indicate better service, with 7 the maximum service rating. Independent samples of service ratings for two financial consultants are summarized here. Consultant A has 10 years of experience, whereas consultant B has 1 year of experience. Use a = 0.05 and test to see whether the consultant with more experience has the higher population mean service rating. ConsultantA Consultant B = 16 n2 = 10 x, 6.83 x2 = 6.28 5- 0.68 52 = 0.75 (a) State the null and alternative hypotheses. O Ho: H1- H2 * 0 H: H-H2=0 O Ho: H-H2> o Ho Hy-H250 H -H2>0 O Ho: H-H2=o H: H-H2 0 O Ho: H-H25o H H-H2 0 (b) Compute the value of the test statistic. (Round your answer to three decimal places.) (c) What is the p-value? (Round your answer to four decimal places.) p-value…Practice question #1. Researchers at the University of Utah carried out a study to see if the size of the fork used to eat dinner influences how much food is consumed. The researchers assigned people to one of two groups. One group ate dinner using a small fork, and the other group ate using a large fork. The researchers found that thatthose who ate with a large fork ate less food on their plate than those who ate with a small fork. An articledescribing this study was called “Dieters Should Use a Big Fork”, implying cause-and-affect andgeneralizing this finding to the population of dieters. A. Under what circumstances would it be reasonable to conclude a cause-and-effect relationship between fork size and amount eaten? B. Under what circumstances would it be reasonable to generalize this finding to the population of dieters? Why is it often NOT appropriate to generalize the results of experiments to a wider population?subject: Quantitative Analysis For Business Please answer both. Use the image for question 10. 10. A hair stylist used market research to learn that members of different age groups have different preferences for positive and negative advertisements. Research participants could mark their preference for only one of the two ads. The positive ad presented a model with attractive hair supported by a message affirming the decision to schedule hair styling services, whereas the negative ad displayed a model with unattractive hair supported by a message describing the need for hair styling services. Results are shown in the table below: What is the probability of a site visitor either preferring negative ads or being a member of age category B? 6% 62% 56% 68% 93% 11. A hair stylist averaged 21 clients per day over the past several months. Typically four of these clients have been male. What is the probability for the total number of female clients the hair stylist can expect…
- ONLY NEED ANSWERS TO STEP 4 AND 5 t test for Independent Means. Professor Wolinsky hypothesizes that type of TV show impacts people’s mood. To study this, she uses two groups: the experimental group who watches reality TV shows for three hours, while the control group watches the news for three hours. Each of the groups then completes an assessment of mood. In all, 32 people participate: 17 watch reality TV shows and 15 watch the news. The Mean, Sample Size, and SS for each group are below. Using these data, conduct a t test (p<.05) to determine if TV show type had an impact on an individual’s mood. Reality TV Shows: News: N = 17 N = 15 M = 34 M = 24 SS = 340 SS = 251 Step 1) Create a research hypothesis and a null hypothesis about the populations. Null hypothesis (H0): Research hypothesis (HA): Step 2) Determine the characteristics of the comparison distribution. Degrees of freedom for…Athletes performing in bright sunlight often smear black eye grease under their eyes to reduce glare. Does eye grease work? In one study, 16 student subjects took a test of sensitivity to contrast after three hours facing into bright sun, both with and without eye grease. Greater sensitivity to contrast improves vision and glare reduces sensitivity to contrast. This is a matched pairs design. The differences in sensitivity, with eye grease minus without eye grease is given. Differences in sensitivity, with eye grease minus without eye grease 0.07 0.64 -0.12 -0.05 -0.18 0.14 -0.16 0.03 0.05 0.02 0.43 0.24 -0.11 0.28 0.05 0.29 To access the complete data set, click the link for your preferred software format: Excel Minitab14-18 Minitab18+ JMP SPSS TI R Mac-TXT PC-TXT CSV CrunchIt! How much more sensitive to contrast are athletes with eye grease than without eye grease? Give a 99% confidence interval to answer this question. (Enter your answers rounded to four decimal places.) Lower bound…n the Focus Problem at the beginning of this chapter, a study was described comparing the hatch ratios of wood duck nesting boxes. Group I nesting boxes were well separated from each other and well hidden by available brush. There were a total of 487 eggs in group I boxes, of which a field count showed about 268 hatched. Group II nesting boxes were placed in highly visible locations and grouped closely together. There were a total of 818 eggs in group II boxes, of which a field count showed about 260hatched. (a) Find a point estimate p̂1 for p1, the proportion of eggs that hatch in group I nest box placements. (Round your answer to three decimal places.)p̂1 = Find a 95% confidence interval for p1. (Round your answers to three decimal places.) lower limit upper limit (b) Find a point estimate p̂2 for p2, the proportion of eggs that hatch in group II nest box placements. (Round your answer to three decimal places.)p̂2 = Find a 95% confidence interval for p2. (Round your…
