Lab Exercise 1 Introduction to the Scientific Process, Data and Communication
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Montgomery College *
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Course
150L
Subject
Statistics
Date
Jan 9, 2024
Type
Pages
12
Uploaded by ProfessorNewt3900
—_—
naMe
Condelle
Qusied
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I
SRS
SRS
Lab
Exercise
1:
Introduction
to
the
Scientific
Process,
Data
and
Communication
Homework/Assignment
7
&1
1\
What
does each
of
the
following
abbreviations
stand
for?
1000
=
LoD
MY
5
T
-
nm=__
paom
(Om
am=
‘Tfl(r‘u
2,
mL
=
“y"’\\\_b\\.
v
il
\1
[v’f{“”
\(/'{:m
3,
=
\
(%]
8
Bm=__
i\
RY
ik
‘\rlf\,
nm
4
pg=__
wano@Em
e
N
Brgis
A0
,
000
N
me
10000
oU
5.
ke=__
piwaeim
i
\
N
I1.
Metric-to-Metrie
Conversi
Practice
Prabl
ol\zam
=
[
N
.00\
k=
m
For
each
problem
show
all
your
work.
Express
your
answer
in
scientific
notation
unless
otherwise
indicated.
L
How
many
mm
in
1.5.cm?
|99
Once
you
have
an
answer.
look
at
a
metric
ruler.
Does
your
answer
make
sense?
2;
How
many
pm
in
1.8
mm?
1500
Am
3
120
pm
=
nm
1203
4.
How
many
g
in
9.7
kg?
A,AT0
9
8
How
many
pL
in
25
nL?
0-04%
£
6.
How
many
kg
in
59,04,¢?
D’C“’J;[D\“t
\(Cj
10.
11,
\/(“\:
0|
wwn
ke
22,
v
423
am
=
0-
2
3
lem
=
1.0
rv
i
How
many
m
in
4336
pm?
0004330
yn
How
many
mm
in
21.678
nm?
1080000
nm
=
|
mm
002
\LFE
mm
An
adult
human
has
on
average
5,000
mL
of
blood:
this
equatesto_
5
|
(scientific
notation
is
not
necessary).
[
=
|00
MM
If
the
average
human
heart
has
a
mass
o
ST0,000
My
A
protist
measures
10
um
in
length;
this
equates
to
f
300igrams,
what
is
its
mass
in
milligrams?
mm.
o
10
0m=
p-0\
myn
S\
\
=
|
Il
GRAPHING
PRACTICE
PROBLEMS:
ALL
GRAPHS
SHOULD
BE
DRAWN
ON
EXCEL
N
PAPE
Graph
1:
The
follow
ing
data
were
collected
during
a
study
of
the
effect
of
water
pH
on
tadpole
survival,
The
Effect
of
Water
PH
on
Tadpole
Survival
A
NUMBER
OF
HOF
WATE
R
OF
WATER
SURVIVING
TADPOL
ES
8.0
45
(D
-
;&{
7.5
69
n—
7.0
78
"ot
6.5
88
%
+4C
60
43
]
5.5
23
o
1.
What
is
the
dependent
variable?
’%
ok
g\U
g
4
adepie
§
2.
What
is
the
independen
variable?
\lfl\
;
;
@<
3.
Is
the
mdependem\anablc
quantitative?
U
€S
M
e
L
4.
Is
the
independent
variable
continuous?
__
CONORUEIAS
5.
What
Kind
of
graph
would
be
best
1o
use?
Circle
one
below.
BAR
GRAPH
|
LINE
GRAPH
fi
6.
Explain
your
graph
choice.
A
variable
L
gapnis
WD
ook
Ae
@{,{\g(rth(r
avaria
W
Chonging
oy
continusus
condtuovig
7.
Use
TAILS
(Title,
Axcs,
Intervals,
Labels,
Scalc)
checklist
and
graph
thedata.
Attach
your
graph
here:
AD
o
.é:
&
“3‘\
\X
V‘\,‘;(,_
-\(kr_
\
J(\\‘Q
b
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Once
you
have
completed
the
graph
answer
the
following
questions.
L
8.
What
is
the
optimum
water
pH
for
tadpole
development?
9.
Between
what
two
pH
readings
is
there
the
greatest
change
in
tadpole
number?
Lot
-2
Graph
2:
The
following
data
were
collected
during
a
study
of
the
tadpole
populations
in
nearby
lakes.
Survey
of
Tadpole
Populations
in
Maryland
Lakes
LAKE
NUMBER
OF
TADPOLES
PER
LITER
LAKE
WATER
Needwood
145
Frank
69
Little
Seneca
78
Pine
288
ol
p
TNl
1.
What
is
the
dependent
variable?
-"f’%L
OR’
kfldmfl‘k‘
PQY
“
2.
What
is
the
independent
variable?
ke
N
mc“““m\‘d
3.
Is
the
independent
variable
quantitative?
o,
CTLLCLU'(,(‘JU\"\L
I
4.
Is
the
independent
variable
continuous?
V\O,
C‘U:)u’etp-
5.
What
kind
of
graph
would
be
best
to
use?
Circle
one
below,
i.
BAR
GRAPH
[X\
LINE
GRAPH
D
6.
Explain
your
graph
choice.
ke
grewphs
Shsw
compartsons
amongst
cotegpies
And
work
et
W
concrete
-
v
fir‘«’?fitbl
€S
\
T
L\ge
TAILS
(Title,
Axes,
Intervals,
Labels,
Scale)
checklist
and
graph
the
data,
Attach
your
Graph
to
this
document.
i
Graph
3:
The
following
data
were
collected
during
a
drug
trial
testing
antibiotics
on
methicillin-
resistant
Staphylococcus
aureus
The
Effect
of
Different
Dosages
of
Antibiotics
on
S.
aureus
gro%
th
Percent
inhibition
of
S.
aureis
grov
th
(as
compared
{0
saline)
Dosage
(mg)
[
DAPTOMYCIN
LINEZOLID
DALFOPRISTIN
025
10
15
8
0.50
35
45
38
1.00
70
90
76
1.50
100
100
100
75
|.
What
is
the
dependent
variable?
o
i
_avoW
h
If
an
experiment
is
done
properly.
a
researcher
can
test
different
variables
at
the
same
time.
What
are
the
independent
variables
in
this
experiment?
e
of
angibietic,
dagage
oF
Vil
BLiC
[}
3.
Are
the
independent
variables
quantitative?
/1D
4.
Are
the
independent
variables
continuous?_
)0
,
Alsonete
5.
What
kind
of
graph
would
be
best
to
use?
Circle
one
below.
BAR
GRAPH
K]
LINE
GRAPH
[_]
6.
Explain
your
graph
choice.
\”.‘/
)
Vs
AN
LS
Gy
O
L
oW
6
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Hon
il
pertevit
7.
Use
TAILS
(Title,
Axes,
Intervals,
Labels,
Scale.
Legend)
checklist
and
graph
the
data.
Attach
your
graph
to
this
document.
The
effectof
dilferent
antipisics
on
e
LJYDLWO{:'
aosage
Oor
aMHlocs
5)
-positiv
ivi
Graph
4.
The
following
data
represents
the
chirp
frequencies
of
crickets
at
different
temperatures
Temperature-dependence
of
cricket
chirp
frequencies
in
south
central
Maine
Temp
(°C)
|
#
of
Chirps/14
sec
|
5.0
|
5.6
3
il
72
£
72
4
i
72
el
72
(|
10.0
10
|
10.0
103>
5%
10.6
12
|
11.1
14
|
12.8
15,
]
15.6
200
=0
17.8
A5
183
25
|
18.3
26
]
20.0
28
|
239
36
|
256
40
]
2738
40
|
29.4
44
I
Data
modified
from:
http:
‘abacus.bates.edu/~ganderso/biology/resources/writing/
HTW'tablefigs
htm|#linegraph
.
:
WO
clhinx
oo
o
1.
What
is
the
dependent
variable?
+
ot
Y
|['<(*
CWIES
por
/L{
Seco
1S
M)
e
What
is
the
independent
variable?
)(W\P(
U
yes,
(an
e
v"fl‘\'llit,al.‘rfl'*’"f;
)
3.
Are
the
independent
variables
quantitative?
4.
Are
the
independent
variables
continuous?
Explain
the
reason(s)
for
using
a
line
graph
(line
of
best
fit)
for
this
data.
5
The
Vel
ialls
are
continuous
ang|
track.
Crapge
W
4
!
E
-
e
5
OVeA
perict
oF
NE
or
o
M/%_,
{
ot
Chas
6.
After
completing
the
graph,
write
a
brief
conclusion
based
on
the
data.
)
21
A
0
e
COMPUTIIE
M
ASES,
twe
Pumiser
P’
"
AT
i
0
S
el
ihCrease
s
.
Fines
&
Cricket
onliys
fEY
SF
2
|7.
Use
TAILS
(Title.
Axes,
Intervals,
Labels.
Scale)
checklist
and
graph
the
data.
Please
attach
your
graph
here:
Tompuatire
cependense
Y
crickeis
L
AU
i
(Rt
CBDeA-
Migne
,//
-
i
/s
5
\
5
7
x‘
/’/’
i
7’4__________._...‘»#
i
\’
g
5
'
1S
o
e
)
29
ToAno
e
(7€)
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- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
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ravelled
by
DNA
fragments
on
an
Graph
5.
The
following
data
represents
the
distance
!
Sourceofdam:GcncralBiology(BlOLlOl)labmanual‘
P
D
e
PN
Fragren
©
Afckpnc®
migede
2
0
2.
Whatis
the
independent
variable?
SYCL
or
V
N
-?YOC‘Q}“{\’E‘
W
3.
Use
TAILSitle,
Axes.
ntervals,
Labels.
Scale)
checklist
t0
graph
the
data
and
answer
the
1.
Whatisthe
dependent
¥
ariable?
qucsuonsonlh.c
next
page.Anach
your
graph
here:
o
AR
J
l
SR
Aevorndnds
(U
D
O
YhNeg
€s
4
;
£0
g
ers
N
a9
e
gel
N
i,
s
T
|
%
¢
5
\
\
-
|
X
>
2
4
\
|
\
gL
?
o
A
)
\
.
|
\
\
.
A
o0
\
e
\
0
1
|
:
5
\
~
1L
A
)
'
)
»)
t
o
W
¥
Pty
T
il
10
4.
Write
a
brief
conclusion
based
on
the
data
represented
in
the
graph.
e
\W\'y"’r
I
ogenk
igrates
fom
prisin
A\
e
Ay
A
e
awgloy
e
fegewt
will
e
5.
Compare
gra
phs
4
and
5
and
discuss
the
differences
in
the
conclusions
that
you
have
drawn
based
on
the
data
represented
in
the
lines
of
best
fit.
.
\he
('j\
YW
A
o
o
ek
tf’«;"‘f‘"
Cim.
A
o
e
DS
N
WEe
Lorretisin
(irddineet
TRAAUIBIASK
6.
Use
the
data
on
the
distance
travelled
by
three
DNA
fragments
provided
in
the
table
below,
1o
determine
their
lengths.
Use
the
data
in
the
line
of
best
fit
(standard
curve)
to
determine
the
lengths
of
the
three
DNA
fragments.
Size-dependent
migration
distances
of
DNA
fragments
in
an
agarose
gel
|
Distance
travelled
(mm)
|
Length
of
DNA
fragments
(bp)
L
38
\
W0
b¥
(8
23
|
~-
o0
P
[
715
[
\
6D\
Source
of
data:
Modified
from
General
Biology
(BIOL
101)
lab
manual.
7.
Explain
how
you
used
the
line
of
best
fit
to
determine
the
DNA
lengths
for
the
three
fragments.
\
dros
WG
Vot
ey
Motchied
e
Pty
WS
W)
wd
Touwcl
\We
\
¢
A
A
o
X
oxds
ond
¢
onwiie
U
4
s
\4
L
ek
T
o
e
U-
GRAPHING
DATA:
Follow
these
guidelines
USE
TAILS
to
help
you
remember
how
to
graph
properly:
T
=
Title:
Use
a
descriptive
title
that
includes
the
independent
and
dependent
variables.
The
following
formats
are
useful:
The
Dependent
variable
as
a
function
of
the
Independent
variable
The
Dependent
variable
depends
on
the
Independent
variable
The
Relationship
between
the
Independent
variable
and
the
Dependent
variable
The
Effect
of
the
Independent
variable
on
the
Dependent
variable
A
=
Axes:
The
independent
variable
is
usually
placed
on
the
X-
axis
(horizontal
axis).
The
independent
variable
is
what
the
experimenter
changes
and
is
different
between
different
groups
or
samples.
The
dependent
variable
is
usually
placed
on
the
Y-
axis
(vertical
axis).
The
dependent
variable
changes
as
a
result
of
changes
in
the
independent
variable
and
is
usually
what
is
being
measured.
Axes
of
your
graph
should
be
on
the
first
printed
line
of
the
graph
paper.
NOT
INSET.
L=
Intervals:
Spacing
between
one
number
and
the
next
on
each
axis.
Use
regular
intervals
such
as
0.5,1,2,5,10,20
or
100.
Not
every
line
needs
1o
labeled.
Both
axes
do
not
have
to
have
the
same
interval.
L
=
Labels
(units):
Each
axis
will
usually
need
units,
which
should
be
put
in
parentheses.
Examples:
Time
(min).
02
produced
(ml/hr)
Exceptions:
Some
variables
do
not
have
units
(Ex.
pH
or
SA/V
ratio).
§
=
Scale:
The
minimum
and
maximum
on
each
axis
for
the
data
being
graphed.
The
lowest
number
or
minimum
on
the
axis
should
be
a
bit
lower
than
lowest
data
point.
The
highest
number
or
maximum
on
the
axis
should
be
a
bit
higher
than
highest
data
point.
The
minimum
does
not
always
have
to
be
zero
(unless
it
is
a
bar
graph
or
one
in
math
class).
7he
graph
should
fill
up
most
of
the
graph
paper
being
used.
Line
of
Best
Fit:
_The
line
should
closely
follow
the
trend
of
the
data.
It
does
not
have
to
pass
through
every
data
point,
if
a
data
point
does
not
follow
the
general
trend.
-
Not
all
line
graphs
are
straight.
They
may
curve.
increase
or
decrease
and
then
straighten
out,
be
bell-shaped,
etc.
Follow
the
data.
Legend
(or
key);
Use
when
graphing
data
with
multiple
groups
and/or
two
independent
variables
in
the
expenmenl.
*The
different
lines
should
be
the
independent
variable
that
you
want
use
for
comparison,
usually
what
is
different
between
the
different
groups.
To
distinguish
lines.
draw
dotted
or
dashed
lines,
use
different
colors,
or
different
symbols.
Tables:
need
informative
titles
and
should
be
different
than
your
graph
Litles.
L
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