20210407032132_606d253c57119_week1assignment

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National University College *

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322

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Statistics

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Feb 20, 2024

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Kiana Cruz Week 1 Assignment BST 322 1 . ( 1 pt) For each of the following (a through d), indicate which is a variable and which is a constant: a. The number of minutes in an hour. Constant b. Systolic blood pressure. Variable c. Freezing temperature of water in degrees Kelvin. Constant d. Ratings of daily anxiety. Variable 2 . ( 1 pt) For each of the following research questions, identify the independent variable and the dependent variable within each case (a through d): a. Does a person’s age affect psychological adjustment following burn injury? IV- Age DV- Psychological adjustment b. How do physically handicapped children differ from nonhandicapped children with respect to health concepts? IV-Health concept DV- Handicapped/nonhandicapped c. Do patients with a family support system in place have lower pain ratings than patients with no family support system in place? IV-Family support system DV-Lower pain rating d. Is the intracranial pressure of comatose patients affected by acupuncture treatments? IV- Acupuncture treatment DV- Intercranial pressure of comatose 3 . ( 1 pt) For each of the variables listed below, indicate which is discrete and which is continuous: a. Number of patients in an ICU ward Descrete b. Length of a chin implant Continuous c. Number of hospital beds in a step down facility Descrete d. Tidal volume, measured in mLs, of a patient recovering from surgery continuous 4 . ( 2 pts) For each of the variables listed below, indicate whether the measure is nominal, ordinal, interval, or ratio: a. Degrees, on the Celsius scale Interval b. Student’s class rank Ordinal c. Ratings of a hospital based on care surveys ranked as “Poor, Fine, Good, Exceptional” Ordinal d. Survival 5 years out after surgery (yes/no) Nominal e. Average cholesterol level of a group of control patients in a study Ratio f. Settings of tick exposure for Lyme disease designated as “Woodland, Park, City, Suburb” Nominal g. HDL Cholesterol levels Ratio h. Faculty rank (Clinical Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, Full Professor) Ordinal 5 . ( 2 pts) The following data represent the number of times that a sample of residents in nursing homes who were aged 80 or older fell during a 12-month period. 3 3 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 0 4 1 0 3 2 6 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 1 0 1 3 1 1 0 4 6 9 0 1 1
Kiana Cruz Week 1 Assignment BST 322 Construct a frequency distribution table for this set of data in StatCrunch, showing the absolute frequencies, relative frequencies, and cumulative relative frequencies. Would it be advantageous to group the data before constructing a frequency distribution? Why or why not? Construct a Summary Statistics table in StatCrunch to list the n, mean, mode, Skewness and Kurtosis of the data. Paste your work from StatCrunch into your assignment. Frequency table results for Q5-FALLS: Count = 40 Q5-FALLSFrequencyRelative FrequencyCumulative Relative Frequency 0 8 0.2 0.2 1 17 0.425 0.625 2 4 0.1 0.725 3 5 0.125 0.85 4 3 0.075 0.925 6 2 0.05 0.975 9 1 0.025 1 It would not be advantageous to group the data before hand because it shows the grouping of data from lowest to highest, the frequencies of the numbers and previous numbers. Summary statistics: Column n Mean Skewness Kurtosis Mode Q5-FALLS40 1.8251.85158464.0998108 1 6 . ( 1 pt) Using information from the frequency distribution in Exercise 5, answer the following: a. What percentage of the nursing home residents had at least 1 fall? 62.5% b. What number of falls was the most frequent in this sample? 1 Fall c. What number of falls was least frequent in this sample? 9 Falls d. What percentage of residents had 2 or fewer falls? 72.5% 7 . ( 1 pts) Draw a graphic of the frequency distribution of the data in Exercise 5 using StatCrunch. Copy and Paste your graphic from StatCrunch into your Word document submission. Describe the shape of the frequency distribution in terms of modality and skewness. Is the number of falls normally distributed? 2
Kiana Cruz Week 1 Assignment BST 322 It is a unimodal distribution. Positive skewed because the right tail is longer than the left tail. 8 . ( 2 pts) Draw a graphic (bar graph and a pie chart) and of the “marital” status of the data set from Week 1’s Discussion question 2 using StatCrunch (the excel file is named “ Week 1 Discussion Question 2 Data ”). You can also find the file in the “Course Resources” area. Construct a frequency distribution table (showing the absolute frequencies, relative frequencies, and cumulative relative frequencies for marital status). What percentage of the participants are married? Is it meaningful to calculate the cumulative frequency with this data set? Why or why not? Copy and Paste your graphics (including the frequency table) from StatCrunch into your Word document submission. 3
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Kiana Cruz Week 1 Assignment BST 322 Frequency table results for marital: Count = 845 marital FrequencyRelative FrequencyCumulative Relative Frequency Divorced 152 0.17988166 0.17988166 Married 60 0.071005917 0.25088757 Never married 633 0.74911243 1 Only 7.1% are married. I believe the cumulative frequency is irrelative because if they are not married then they are either never married or divorced. 9 . ( 1 pt) The following set of numbers represent the scores of 30 psychiatric inpatients on a widely used measure of depression. What are the mean, median, and mode for these data? 41 27 32 24 21 28 22 25 35 27 31 40 23 27 39 33 42 30 46 30 27 39 26 34 48 38 29 36 24 37 If the values of the mean, median, and mode are not the same, discuss what this suggests about the shape of the distribution. Construct a Graphic of the distribution of this data using StatCrunch to prove your point. Copy and Paste your graphic from StatCrunch into your Word document submission. The mean, median and mode are pretty close. If they were the same it would be normal but since it isn’t the distributions are skewed. The summary stats show a positive skewed distribution. Summary statistics: Column Mean Median Mode Skewness Kurtosis Depression 32.033333 30.5 27 0.46086295 -0.6573593 Column Mean Median Mode Skewness Kurtosis Depression 32.033333 30.5 27 0.46086295 -0.6573593 4
Kiana Cruz Week 1 Assignment BST 322 10 . ( 1 pt) The following 10 data values are systolic blood pressure readings. Compute the mean, range, standard deviation, Q1, Q3, IQR and variance for these data using StatCrunch. Are there any outliers in this data set? Plot a boxplot to prove your answer. Copy and Paste your work from StatCrunch into your Word document submission. 130 125 160 120 170 120 130 130 140 90 There are no outliers. Summary statistics: Column Mean Range Std. dev. Q1 Q3 IQR Variance Systolic BP 131.5 80 22.11711 3 120 140 20 489.16667 5
Kiana Cruz Week 1 Assignment BST 322 11 . ( 1 pt) For each blood pressure in Exercise 10 above, compute a Z score. SYSTOLIC BP: Z-SCORE: 130 -0.067884261 120 -0.52012664 125 -0.29389008 130 -0.067884261 160 1.28859494 130 -0.067884261 120 -0.52012664 140 0.38431779 170 1.74073352 90 -1.87637509 6
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Kiana Cruz Week 1 Assignment BST 322 12 . ( 2 pts) The following data designate whether patients in two groups (experimental and control) complied with a medication regimen. The experimental group participated in an intervention designed to promote perceived mastery over health events: Control group Patient # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Complied ye s no no no yes ye s no no no no no ye s no no no yes Experimental group Patient # 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Complie d yes no yes ye s yes no no no no yes ye s yes no yes Using StatCrunch, construct a contingency table for these data, computing both row and column percentages, with totals and all labels for each of the four cells and totals. Copy and Paste your StatCrunch table into your Word document submission. Contingency table results: Rows: Medication Compliance Columns: Group Cell format Count (Row percent) (Column percent) (Percent of total) Group Medication Compliance Control Experimental Total No % w/in Compliance % w/in Group % of Total 11 (64.71%) (68.75%) (36.67%) 6 (35.29%) (42.86%) (20%) 17 (100%) (56.67%) (56.67%) Yes % w/in Compliance % w/in Group % of Total 5 (38.46%) (31.25%) (16.67%) 8 (61.54%) (57.14%) (26.67%) 13 (100%) (43.33%) (43.33%) Total % w/in Compliance 16 (53.33%) 14 (46.67%) 30 (100%) 7
Kiana Cruz Week 1 Assignment BST 322 % w/in Group % of Total (100%) (53.33%) (100%) (46.67%) (100%) (100%) 13 . ( 1 pts) Below are the values for diastolic and systolic blood pressure for 10 people: Diastolic: 90 80 90 78 76 88 80 70 76 74 Systolic: 130 126 140 118 114 112 120 110 114 136 Using StatCrunch, construct a scatterplot that shows the relationship between the two variables. Copy and Paste your work from StatCrunch into your Word document submission. Verbally describe the direction and magnitude of the relationship. It looks like a moderate positive direction judging by the upward direction the line takes. 14 . ( 1 pt) Compute the correlation coefficient (Pearson’s r ) in StatCrunch to summarize the relationship for the data presented in Exercise 13. How accurate was your description? Correlation between Systolic and Diastolic: 0.43811963 My description is accurate. The positive number makes it a positive relationship. Also the number is close to +.45 and in the text it states that +.45 is a moderate relationship. 15 . ( 2 pts) Below are Global carbon dioxide concentrations and the measured change in Global temperature (Temperature Anomaly) for a period in our recent past: YEAR CO 2 Concentration (ppm) Temperature Anomaly (ºC) 1981 339.93 .043 1985 343.13 .098 1989 350.17 .211 1992 355.25 .368 1995 360.15 .410 8
Kiana Cruz Week 1 Assignment BST 322 1999 364.05 .566 2002 372.01 .625 2005 380.14 .714 2009 384.12 .885 2012 399.21 1.07 2017 419.12 1.20 Using StatCrunch, construct a scatterplot that shows the relationship between the two variables (carbon dioxide concentrations and the measured change in Global temperature). Calculate the r value using StatCrunch. Copy and Paste your work from StatCrunch into your Word document submission. Verbally describe the direction and magnitude of the relationship you find. What does this tell you about Global warming? The scatterplot has a strong positive relationship. The line and points are going upward and the points are all hugging pretty close   together. The r value is +0.983 and it is close to +1.00 which is a perfect relationship. The data shows that’s if CO2 Concentrate continuous to increase the temp. will follow. This tells us that increased CO2 concentration is causing Global warming. Coorelation between CO2 Concentrate (PPM) and Temp. Anomaly (Celcius): 0.998371469 9
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