SOCI 3163 ASSIGNMENT 5

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Dallas County Community College *

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Sociology

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Jan 9, 2024

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SOCI 3163.50 SOCIAL STATISTICS- Fall/2023 Homework Assignment 5 Frankfort-Nachmias, Leon-Guerrero, & Davis: Chapters 5 & 6 Due: Points Value: 25 Instructions: Download this word document to your computer and save the file as your last name_Assignment5 (example: Pioneer_Assignment5). Type your answer(s) for each of the questions below. Once completed, upload your homework assignment to the Module 5 Assignment folder under Homework Assignments in Canvas. Emailed assignment will not be graded. Name: 19/25 Chapter 5 1. You are asked to do a study of shelters for abused and battered women to determine the necessary capacity in your city to provide housing for most of these women. After recording data for a whole year, you find that the mean number of women in shelters each night is 250, with a standard deviation of 75. Fortunately, the distribution of the number of women in the shelters each night is normal, so you can answer the following questions posed by the city council. a. If the city’s shelters have a capacity of 325, will that be enough places for abused women on 95% of all nights? If not, what number of shelter openings will be needed? (1 point) INCORRECT: N/A b. The current capacity is only 210 openings, because some shelters have been closed. What is the percentage of nights that the number of abused women seeking shelter will exceed current capacity? (1 point) INCORRECT: N/A
2. A criminologist developed a test to measure recidivism, where low scores indicated a lower probability of repeating the undesirable behavior. The distribution of the test scores is normal with a mean of 140 and a standard deviation of 40. a. What is the percentile rank of a score of 170? (1 point) The percentile rank of a score is 77.34% b. What is the Z score for a test score of 190? (1 point) The Z score for a test score of 190 is 1.25. c. What percentage of scores falls between 110 and 150? (1 point) The percentage of scores falls between 110 and 150 is 37.21%. d. What proportion of respondents should score above 180? (1 point) INCORRECT: N/A e. Suppose an individual is the 75 th percentile in this test, what is his or her corresponding recidivism score? (1 point) INCORRECT: N/A 3. We’ll examine the results of the 2014-2015 SAT math exam with a mean of 501 and standard deviation of 117, as reported in Table 5.1. Table 5.1. 2014-2015 SAT Component Means and Standard Deviations for High School Seniors Number of Test Takers Critical Reading Mathematics Writing Mean Standard Deviation Mean Standard Deviation Mean Standard Deviation 1,108,165 485 110 501 117 475 109 Source: College Board, 2015 College-Bound Seniors Total Group Profile Report, Table 3, 2015. The College Board. www.collegeboard.org . Module 5 Assignment Page 2 of 5
a. What percentage of seniors scored lower than 290 on the math SAT? (1 point) 3.59% of seniors scored lower than 290 on the math SAT. b. What percentage scored between 625 and 675 points? (1 point) INCORRECT: N/A c. Your score is 700. What is your percentile rank? (1 point) The percentile rake is 95%. 4. The number of hours people work each week varies widely for many reasons. Using GSS 2014, you find that the mean number of hours worked last week was 41.47, with a standard deviation of 15.7 hours, based on a sample size of 912. a. Assume that hours worked is approximately normally distributed in the sample. What is the probability that someone in the sample worked 60 hours or more in a week? (0.5 point) INCORRECT: N/A b. How many people in the sample should have worked 60 hours or more? (0.5 point) The number of people in the sample who should have worked 60 hours or more is 108. c. What is the probability that someone will work 30 hours or fewer in a week (i.e., work part time)? (0.5 point). The probability that someone will work 30 hours or fewer in a week is 23 d. How many people does this represent in the sample? (0.5 point). INCORRECT: N/A e. What number of hours worked per week corresponds to the 60 th percentile? (1 point) The number of hours worked per week that corresponds to the 60th percentile is 45.28. Module 5 Assignment Page 3 of 5
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Chapter 6 5. The mayor of your city has been talking about the need for a tax hike. The city’s newspaper uses letters sent to the editor to judge public opinion about this possible hike, reporting on their results in an article. a. Do you think that these letters represent a random sample? Why or why not? (1 point) These letters are unlikely to represent a random sample of the entire population for several reasons. The first reason is the self selection bias. People who chose to write letters to the editor are self-selecting. Two, the non representative of the entire population, the demographic of people who write letters to the editor does not accurately reflect diversity of the population. three, limited sample size and not randomly sampled. Overall there is a potential for editorial bias, a survey with random sampling and a representative sample size would be most reliable. b. What alternative sampling method would you recommend to the mayor? Why do you recommend this sampling method? (1 point) An alternative sampling method I would recommend to the mayor is random sampling such as stratified random sampling or simple random sampling. The reason why is because it would minimize self selection bias which was the problem in the first place. Ethical considerations would be considered when using this method and it presents good data for its randomness to ensure that every member of the population has an equal and known chance of being selected for the survey 6. An upper-level sociology class has 120 registered students: 37 seniors, 50 juniors, 23 sophomores, and 10 freshmen. a. Imagine that you choose one student randomly from the classroom (perhaps by using a random number table). What is the probability that the student will be a junior? (1 point) The probability that the student will be a junior is 0.417 b. What is the probability that the student will be a freshman? (1 point) The probability that the student will be a freshman is 0.083 c. If you are asked to select a proportionate stratified sample of size 30 from the classroom, stratified by class level (senior, junior, etc.). How many students from each group will there be in the sample? (1 point) freshman=2 sophomore=6 junior=13 Module 5 Assignment Page 4 of 5
senior=9 7. A random sample was taken from a very large population with a standard deviation of 25. a. Calculate the standard error of the mean if the sample size was 100. (1 point) The standard error of the mean if the sample size is 100 is 2.5 b. Calculate the standard error of the mean if the sample size was 5000. (1 point) The standard error of the mean is the sample size was 5000 is 0.3536 c. Fill in the blank: when the sample size increased the standard error decreased. (decreased/increased) (1 point) d. Calculate the standard error of the mean if the sample size was 3000. (1 point) The standard error if the mean of the sample was 3000 is 0.4563 e. Calculate the standard error of the mean if the sample size was 200. (1 point) The standard error of the mean if the sample size was 200 is 1.77 f. Fill in the blank: when the sample size decreased the standard error increased. (decreased/increased) (1 point) g. Describe the relationship between the sample size and the standard error? (1 point) The standard error is a measure of how much the sample mean is expected to vary from the population mean. It quantifies the precision of an estimate derived from a sample. there is an inverse relationship between the sample size and the standard error. As the sample size increases, the standard error decreases, resulting in more precise estimates of population parameters. This is an important concept in statistics, especially when drawing inferences from sample data to make statements about the larger population. Module 5 Assignment Page 5 of 5