Week 2 Assignment Victim Annotated Bibliography

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VICTM ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 1 Victim Annotated Bibliography Julie Holiday The University of Arizona Global Campus CRJ615: Victimology Instructor: David DiBari August 21, 2023

VICTIM ANNOTATED BIBILOGRAPHY 2 Dillenburger, K. (2007). A behavior analytic perspective on victimology. International Journal of Behavioral Consultation and Therapy, 3(3), 433. In this essay, Karola Dillenburger makes the case that rising crime rates have resulted in more victims. According to Dillenburger, the rise in victims has made victimology a crucial component of the criminal justice system. Through a behavioral perspective, victimology explains how victims contribute to crimes and how someone might be a victim. It is possible for the criminal justice system to assist and support victims when crimes against them are recognized and prosecuted. This essay provides a thorough analysis of the prevalent perspectives on victimization. In order to provide a summary and evaluation of victimology, Dillenburger conducted a qualitative study in which he collected information from other researchers. He divided the information into 11 categories, outlining the features that, according to theory, identify a victim, what qualifies someone as a perpetrator or victim, and why some individuals continue to see themselves as victims. The author discovered that cultural settings, individual learning histories, and preexisting contingencies are some of the elements that go into one being a victim. How the crime was perpetrated and the public's response to it are two factors that might help determine if someone is in the mindset of a crime survivor. The investigation of the causes of individuals becoming victims and offenders of crimes makes this essay a contribution to the subject of victimology. Koster, N. S. N., Van der Leun, J. P., & Kunst, M. J. (2020). Crime victims’ evaluations of procedural justice and police performance in relation to cooperation: a qualitative study in the Netherlands. Policing and Society, 30(3), 225-240.

VICTIM ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 3 Interviews were employed in this paper by Koster, Van der Leun, and Kunst (2020) to examine if police handling of victims influenced how willing a person was to cooperate with them. The findings of this study were utilized to enlighten the criminal justice professionals about the factors that deter crime victims from cooperating in crucial investigations. The study's conclusions demonstrated that victims would only cooperate if the police treated their cases fairly. For these people, their participation in police investigations hinged on how well the police handled crimes and administered justice. They valued the services provided by officers who respected standards including excellent communication, respect, trustworthiness, and neutrality because of their willingness to pursue justice. However, procedural requirements like impartiality mandated that police officials condemn atrocities against the victims but refrain from capturing the accused offenders. Law enforcement personnel were able to show their opposition to crimes against victims while abstaining from injustice because to this tactic. Additionally, because police officers treated victims with dignity, the procedures were sufficient to compel victims to participate in future investigations. Police personnel may learn how to manage crime victims from this essay, which advances the field of study. They may be able to solve similar crimes as a result because effective victim management will enable them to gather more crucial information. With these characteristics, it is obvious that this study's information may help law enforcement officials maximize the value of crime victims in criminal investigations. Maddox, L., Lee, D., & Barker, C. (2011). Police empathy and victim PTSD as potential factors in rape case attrition. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 26(2), 112-117.

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VICTIM ANNOTATED BIBILOGRAPHY 4 In this study, Maddox, Lee, and Barker examined how rape victims' experiences might influence their decision to press charges against their perpetrators. For this study, it was important for researchers to concentrate on how victims are understood in relation to their feelings of humiliation, PTSD symptoms, personal resolve to press charges, and individual perceptions of police understanding. The study was conducted using online surveys and in-person interviews. They discovered that their perspective of view affected how their findings were perceived. For instance, the results revealed that many rape victims with PTSD symptoms did not believe the police to be sympathetic. The test, according to the investigators, demonstrated how the victim's capacity to sense empathy from the police was impacted by PTSD symptoms. They discovered that because victims often presented with guilt and PTSD symptoms, officers had a difficult time displaying empathy. When authorities believe the victims are lying and not speaking the truth, this presentation occurs. Investigators found that having a good working relationship with the police encouraged victims to proceed with legal action. This research is relevant because it enables those who have an interest in the criminal justice system to distinguish between the various victimology's effects. This information will help the criminal justice system's many departments run more efficiently. They will be able to expand their rape case investigation thanks to it.

VICTIM ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 5 References Dillenburger, K. (2007). A behavior analytic perspective on victimology. International Journal of Behavioral Consultation and Therapy, 3(3), 433. Koster, N. S. N., Van der Leun, J. P., & Kunst, M. J. (2020). Crime victims’ evaluations of procedural justice and police performance in relation to cooperation: a qualitative study in the Netherlands. Policing and Society, 30(3), 225-240. Maddox, L., Lee, D., & Barker, C. (2011). Police empathy and victim PTSD as potential factors in rape case attrition. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 26(2), 112-117.

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