6 : Rights of LGBTQ2+ Individuals

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Simon Fraser University *

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100

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Sociology

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Jan 9, 2024

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3

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Law 12: Rights of LGBTQ2+ Individuals Vocabulary: Gay: A man-identified person who form their primary romantic and sexual relationships with other another man-identified person. Lesbian: A woman-identified person who form their primary romantic and sexual relationships with another woman-identified person. Bisexual: A person who is romantically and sexually attracted to two sexes or genders, not necessarily equally. Transgendered: A person whose gender identity does not align with the socially expected one according to their sex assigned at birth. Questioning: Questioning refers to individuals in the process of determining their sexual orientation and/or gender identity. Intersex: Term to describe a person whose sex assigned at birth does not neatly fit into the socially accepted binary of “male” or “female,” because they have genitalia, hormone production levels and/or chromosomal makeups that are ambiguous or non-binary. Sex: A medical label used to categorize people according to their chromosomes, hormones, genitalia and secondary sex characteristics. Gender: The social construction of identity based on the notions of masculinity, femininity, and androgyny, as well as aspects of identity and expression. Gender Binary: The concept of dividing sex or gender into two clear categories. Sex is male or female, gender is masculine or feminine. Non-Binary: An individual who does not identify with a gender identity. Pansexual: A person who experiences romantic/ sexual attraction across the spectrums of gender identity, biological sex and sexual orientation. Someone who is attracted to someone regardless of their gender identity. Gender Identity: A person’s own understanding of themselves in gendered categories such as woman, man, boy, girl, transgender, genderqueer, etc. How an individual feels inside and believes themselves to be. Cisgender: A person whose gender identity aligns with the sex they were assigned at birth.
Two-Spirited: Indigenous label for individuals who identify as gay/lesbian or transgendered. Within their tribal communities, these individuals were highly respected and believed to be gifted with unique talents and gifts from the Creator prior to the influence of European colonisation. Gender Dysphoria: The psychological distress that occurs when a person's gender identity differs from the sex they were assigned at birth. Questions: 1. What are the major judicial changes impacting LGTBQ+ people in Canada? The major judicial changes impacting LGTBQ+ people in Canada includes having homosexuality decriminalized. In the past, homosexuality was a crime and had punishments included fines, going to prison, and even death. In 1967, the Canadian government passed an omnibus bill decriminalizing gay sexual acts between two consenting adults in private. In 1996, the federal government added sexual orientation to the Canadian Human Rights Act. In 2017, the federal government added gender identity to the Canadian Human Rights Act. Bill C-38 was legislation passed by the federal government changing the definition of marriage to include same-sex couples. The gay rights movement also started as a result of young people rebelling against the values and traditions of previous generations. All of these events were major judicial changes impacting the LGBTQ+ people in Canada. 2. Describe why Stonewall was an important event in the gay rights movement. Stonewall was an important event in the gay rights movement because it became a symbol of resistance to social and political discrimination that would inspire solidarity among homosexual groups for decades. It served as a catalyst for a new generation of political activism. It was history's first major protest on behalf of equal rights for homosexuals. Within two years after the riots, gay rights groups had been started in nearly every major city in the United States. 3. What attitudes and social conditions have created barriers to achieving equality for members of the LGTBQ+ community? Some attitudes and social conditions that have created barriers to achieving equality for members of the LGTBQ+ community would include bullying, family rejection, and homelessness. These factors all contribute to the harm of well being of members of the LGBTQ+ community. More conditions include lack of knowledge and connectedness to LGBTQ+ -friendly services. The health effects of bullying also extend well beyond harassment. LGBTQ+ youth who are victims of bullying at school are at increased risk for depression and anxiety. LGBTQ+ members may also face harassment in their workplace or in their own family homes. This is damaging to their mental and physical health. Canadian LGBTQ+ youth are overrepresented in poverty statistics. This is due to rejection from family members during the coming out process. Barriers in housing and education also prevent LGBTQ+ youth from accessing services and support. Consequently, LGBTQ+ youth cannot achieve a healthy and productive adulthood. 4. What practical benefits are bestowed on individuals when they marry? How do you think this impacted the drive for same-sex marriage?
Some practical benefits that are bestowed on individuals when they marry are combining health insurance, investing for retirement and tax breaks. Marriage legalization and their benefits for same-sex couples are often associated with a sense of relationship recognition and social inclusion, high levels of partner support, and perceptions of romantic, financial and legal security.
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